多反应段反应精馏塔的综合与设计

发布时间：2018-04-05 13:00

本文选题：反应精馏塔　切入点：多反应段　出处：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统的反应精馏塔将反应和分离两个操作单元结合在同一个装置中,有效解决了部分反应过程和分离过程的难题。相比反应器-精馏塔连续过程,反应精馏塔使系统整体的效率提高,同时设备投资和操作费用显著降低,有效地强化了内部物质耦合与内部能量耦合。经过大量基础的理论研究,反应精馏塔在实际生产中已经得到了相当广泛的应用,在很多反应过程中起到提高反应和分离的效率的重要作用,为化工生产过程降低了巨大的成本。传统的反应精馏塔擅长解决单个反应体系的反应分离问题。对于多步连续反应系统,目前工业上仍采用传统的单反应段反应精馏塔(RDC-SRS)串联的方案,以此串联的若干反应精馏塔中的每个反应精馏塔发生一个反应,随着反应连续进行,反应混合物依次传递。这种方案的优势是反应系统相对稳定,但是缺陷在于设备投资和操作成本过高。如果由一个单独的反应精馏塔进行多步连续反应,则各个反应之间会因为物质的相互干扰而抑制某些反应,出现转化率低、反应速率慢等问题。本文设计了多反应段反应精馏塔(RDC-MRS)来解决上述难题。本研究分别设计了三反应段反应精馏塔(RDC-TRS),双反应段反应精馏塔(RDC-DRS)以及双反应段反应精馏塔的一种特殊结构——隔离壁双反应段反应精馏塔(DWRDC-DRS)以探究它们的原理、设计方法以及节能效果。以上几种RDC-MRS通过塔内设置多个反应段的方案使不同的反应尽可能发生在不同的反应段,这样各个反应之间的干扰会明显降低,进而提高了反应转化率和反应速率,强化了内部物质耦合与内部能量耦合。同时多个反应段以及若干反应段之间的间隔段为RDC-MRS提供了更多的自由度,使各反应段的安排更加自由灵活,保证系统设计空间和RDC-MRS的节能有效性。本文应用化上流程仿真软件Aspen Plus对各类反应精馏塔进行建模仿真模拟。所设计的RDC-TRS和RDC-DRS应用三氯甲硅烷制备硅烷这一太阳能行业中的重要反应体系进行仿真模拟实验,来验证它们的节能效果。在保证总塔板数不变和总反应段数不变的情况下,通过仿真实验中严谨的对比冷凝器热负荷与再沸器热负荷验证了RDC-TRS和RDC-DRS相比传统的RDC-SRS有着显著的节能效果。仿真结果表明,RDC-TRS相对传统的(RDC-SRS)可以节约操作费用11%以上,RDC-DRS相对于RDC-SRS可以节约操作费用约9%,证明了RDC-TRS与RDC-DRS优越的节能效果。此外,DWRDC-DRS应用间接水合法由环己烯制备环己醇的实例来进行仿真实验,虽然产品质量并未完全达到标准,但仍然可以从仿真记过结果分析出DWRDC-DRS的节能潜力,这种新型结构的反应精馏塔值得继续开拓研究。
[Abstract]:The traditional reactive distillation reaction and combined into a device in two operating units separated, to effectively solve the problem of partial reaction and separation process. Compared with the reactor and distillation column continuous reactive distillation process, to improve the overall efficiency of the system, and the equipment investment and the operating cost is significantly reduced, effectively strengthening the internal coupling and internal energy coupling. Through a lot of theoretical research foundation, reactive distillation has been widely used in the actual production, plays an important role in the increase of reaction and separation efficiency in the reaction process, reduce the huge cost for chemical production process. The traditional reactive distillation tower good at solving single reaction separation problem. For multi step continuous reaction system, the industry is still using the traditional single reaction distillation column (RDC-SRS) series. In each case, the reactive distillation tower of this series of reactive distillation in a reaction, with the reaction, the reaction mixture is passed. This scheme is the advantage of relatively stable reaction system, but the drawback is that the equipment investment and the operation cost is too high. If a single reactive distillation column for multistep continuous reaction then, between each reaction because of mutual interference substances and inhibit some reaction, appear low conversion rate, problem of slow reaction rate. The paper has designed the reaction section of reactive distillation column (RDC-MRS) to solve the above problem. This paper designed three reaction section of reactive distillation column (RDC-TRS), double reaction reaction distillation column (RDC-DRS) and the double reaction section of reactive distillation tower is a kind of special structure of double - wall reaction section of reactive distillation column (DWRDC-DRS) to explore their principle, design method and energy saving The effect of several RDC-MRS through the tower above. The reaction section is provided with a plurality of solutions enable different reactions as possible in the reaction section is different, so the interference between each reaction will decrease, and then improve the reaction rate and reaction rate, strengthen the internal coupling and internal energy coupling. At the same time intervals between a plurality of reaction and some of the reaction section RDC-MRS provides more degrees of freedom, so that the reaction section arrangement is more flexible and ensure energy-saving effectiveness of the system design space and RDC-MRS. Based on the process simulation software Aspen Plus modeling simulation of reactive distillation tower. The RDC-TRS and RDC-DRS application of three dichlorosilane system the preparation of this important reaction system of silane in solar industry simulation experiments to verify their energy-saving effect. The total number of plates and the same The total number of reaction stages unchanged, by comparing the condenser heat load rigorous simulation and heat load of the reboiler is verified and compared with the traditional RDC-TRS RDC-DRS RDC-SRS has a significant energy saving effect. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional RDC-TRS (RDC-SRS) can save operating cost more than 11%, compared with RDC-DRS RDC-SRS can save the operating costs of about 9%, proved that the energy saving effect of RDC-TRS and RDC-DRS superior. In addition, the application of DWRDC-DRS method by indirect hydration of Cyclohexene to cyclohexanol by example to carry out simulation experiment, although not all end product quality reach the standard, but still can analyze the energy saving potential of DWRDC-DRS simulation results from the demerit of reactive distillation tower. This new structure is to continue to develop.

【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ053.5

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