基于咪唑与吡咯烷阴离子交换膜的研制

发布时间：2018-04-08 13:11

本文选题：燃料电池　切入点：阴离子交换膜　出处：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：燃料电池(Fuel Cells)是一种环境友好的清洁能源,具有运行质量高,噪音排放低等特点,具有广阔的应用前景。质子交换膜因其在使用过程中需要用到贵重金属催化剂及聚电解质膜,使得其大范围应用受到了限制。阴离子交换膜是碱性燃料电池的关键材料之一,基于季铵盐的碱性阴离子交换膜被广泛的研究后发现,其耐碱稳定性较差,阻碍了燃料电池的应用。本文从分子角度设计并合成几种咪唑盐和吡咯烷盐阳离子及相应的阴离子交换膜,通过接枝不同的取代基,达到定向可控的分子结构。依据小分子测试结论制备得到的相应的阴离子交换膜具有良好的耐碱性稳定性。主要工作内容包括:(1)首先合成并表征了一系列N3位上分别含有不同取代基的咪唑盐,然后在不同溶剂中进行了长时间的耐碱性试验。结果表明1,2-二甲基-3-异丙基咪唑阳离子具有最高耐碱稳定性,并且比季铵盐阳离子表现出更加优异的耐碱性。采用光聚合方法制备的相应的阴离子交换膜同样进行了耐碱性测试,最终得出异丙基取代的咪唑盐阴离子交换膜具有优异的耐碱性结论。(2)首先合成了一系列N1位上分别含有不同取代基的吡咯烷阳离子,通过核磁图谱对吡咯烷阳离子进行了结构表征,然后在混合溶剂中进行耐碱试验。结果表明N-甲基-N-乙基吡咯烷盐阳离子具有最高的耐碱稳定性。最后将耐碱稳定性好的吡咯烷阳离子合成出相应阴离子交换膜,经过168小时耐碱测试后的电导率及机械性能减少幅度较小,表现出较高耐碱稳定性。
[Abstract]:Fuel cell (fuel cell) is a kind of environment-friendly clean energy with high operation quality and low noise emission, so it has a broad application prospect.The application of proton exchange membrane is limited because of the use of precious metal catalyst and polyelectrolyte membrane.The anion exchange membrane is one of the key materials of alkaline fuel cell. After extensive research on the basic anion exchange membrane based on quaternary ammonium salt, it is found that the alkali-resistant stability of the membrane is poor, which hinders the application of the fuel cell.In this paper, several kinds of imidazole salts and pyrrolidine cations and their corresponding anion exchange membranes are designed and synthesized from a molecular perspective. By grafting different substituents, the molecular structure of imidazole salt and pyrrolidine salt can be controlled.The anion exchange membrane prepared by the small molecule test has good alkali resistance stability.First, a series of imidazole salts with different substituents on N 3 were synthesized and characterized, and then a long time alkaline resistance test was carried out in different solvents.The results showed that the alkali-resistant and alkali-resistant cations of 1 ~ 2-dimethyl-3-isopropyl imidazole were higher than those of quaternary ammonium salts.The alkali resistance of the anion exchange membrane prepared by photopolymerization was also tested.It is concluded that Isopropyl substituted imidazolium anion exchange membrane has excellent alkalinity resistance. Conclusion. 2) first, a series of pyrrolidine cations with different substituents on N1 site were synthesized.The structure of pyrrolidine cations was characterized by NMR spectra and alkali resistance test was carried out in mixed solvents.The results show that N-methyl-N-ethyl pyrrolidine cations have the highest alkali-resistance stability.Finally, the anion exchange membrane was synthesized from pyrrolidine cations with good alkali-resistant stability. After 168 hours of alkali resistance test, the conductivity and mechanical properties of the membrane were reduced by a small extent, showing a higher alkali-resistant stability.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ425.236;TM911.4

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