轴流导叶式旋风分离器气液分离特性的优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 22:34

本文选题：轴流导叶式旋风分离器 + 气液分离　；参考：《北京交通大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：在石化行业中,对开采的油气进行净化和分离,不仅可以提高油气的开发效率,而且可以减小对环境的污染。旋风分离器作为油气开发工艺中最重要的分离设备,其性能优劣关系到油气的分离效果,对油气的开发利用具有重要的现实意义。但是,目前有大量正在应用的旋风分离器结构陈旧,压降较大,分离效率不理想。轴流导叶式旋风分离器具有结构简单、分离效率高、体积小、安装操作方便等优点,已经被广泛地应用于石油、化工、生物及环保等行业。本文重点研究了轴流导叶式旋风分离器的叶片结构和锥筒结构对其气液分离性能的影响,通过实验和数值模拟的方法研究了叶片个数、叶片高度、叶片圈数和锥筒斜角对旋风分离器分离性能的影响情况。首先,探讨了轴流导叶式旋风分离器气液分离机理和数值模拟计算方法。使用CAD软件构建几何模型,利用Gambit软件进行网格划分,运用Fluent软件模拟了分离器内部的流场,获得不同进气速度和液滴粒径下的压力场、速度场,并进行相关分析。然后,根据流体力学相似理论搭建了实验平台,对轴流导叶式旋风分离器进行了压降测试实验和效率测试实验。在实验中测定了旋风分离器在不同进气速度情况下的压降和不同液滴粒径下的分离效率,对旋风分离器的压降特性和效率进行研究,并与数值模拟结果进行了对比,验证了模拟计算方法的合理性。最后,对不同叶片个数、叶片高度、叶片圈数和锥筒斜角的旋风分离器内的流场进行数值模拟,获得了旋风分离器叶片结构和锥筒结构对分离器气液分离性能的影响规律。结果表明:(1)在叶片个数为3、4、5、6、7、8范围内,随着叶片个数增加,分离效率逐渐降低,压降平稳下降;(2)在叶片高度为35、40、45、50、55、60mm范围内,随着叶片高度增大,分离效率降低,压降平稳下降;(3)在叶片圈数为0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30、0.35、0.40范围内,随着叶片圈数增加,分离效率先增大后略有减小,压降逐渐增大;(4)在锥筒斜角为6、7、8、9、10、11、12度的范围内,随着锥筒斜角增大,分离效率先增大后减小,压降逐渐增大。通过将模拟结果与实验结果进行对比与分析,获得了优化结构的轴流导叶式旋风分离器,给出了叶片个数、叶片高度、叶片圈数和锥筒斜角的优化参考建议,为生产实践提供依据。
[Abstract]:In petrochemical industry, the purification and separation of oil and gas can not only improve the efficiency of oil and gas development, but also reduce the pollution to the environment.Cyclone separator as the most important separation equipment in oil and gas development process, its performance is related to the oil and gas separation effect, and has important practical significance for the development and utilization of oil and gas.However, there are a large number of cyclone separators in use, which are old in structure, large in pressure drop and unsatisfactory in separation efficiency.With the advantages of simple structure, high separation efficiency, small volume and convenient installation and operation, the axial flow guide vane cyclone separator has been widely used in petroleum, chemical, biological and environmental protection industries.In this paper, the influence of blade structure and cone structure on gas-liquid separation performance of axial flow guide vane cyclone separator is studied. The number of blades and blade height are studied by means of experiment and numerical simulation.The influence of the number of the blades and the angle of the cone on the separation performance of the cyclone separator.Firstly, the gas-liquid separation mechanism and numerical simulation method of axial guide vane cyclone separator are discussed.The geometry model is constructed by CAD software, the mesh is divided by Gambit software, the flow field inside the separator is simulated by Fluent software, the pressure field and velocity field under different inlet velocity and droplet diameter are obtained, and the correlation analysis is carried out.Then, based on the similarity theory of hydrodynamics, an experimental platform is built to test the pressure drop and efficiency of the axial flow guide vane cyclone separator.In the experiment, the pressure drop and the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator under different inlet velocity and different droplet size are measured. The pressure drop characteristics and efficiency of the cyclone separator are studied, and the results are compared with the numerical simulation results.The rationality of the simulation method is verified.Finally, the flow field in the cyclone separator with different blade number, blade height, blade circle number and inclined angle of cone tube is numerically simulated, and the influence of blade structure and cone tube structure on the gas-liquid separation performance of cyclone separator is obtained.The results showed that the separation efficiency decreased gradually with the increase of the number of leaves, and the pressure drop decreased steadily with the increase of the number of leaves.) the separation efficiency decreased with the increase of leaf height in the range of 35,4045,5055.60mm of leaf height, and the separation efficiency decreased with the increase of leaf height, and the separation efficiency decreased with the increase of leaf height, the results showed that the separation efficiency decreased with the increase of the leaf height, and the separation efficiency decreased with the increase of leaf height.The separation efficiency first increases and then decreases, and the pressure drop increases gradually.By comparing and analyzing the simulation results and the experimental results, the axial flow guide vane cyclone separator with optimized structure is obtained, and the optimum reference suggestions for the number of blades, blade height, number of blade circles and the angle of the cone tube are given.To provide the basis for production practice.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ051.8

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