基于材料去除机理的石英玻璃旋转超声端面铣削工艺研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 03:14

本文选题：旋转超声端面铣削 + 石英玻璃　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：石英玻璃具有耐高温、膨胀系数低、耐热震性、高化学稳定性等优异性能,广泛应用于化工、电子、冶金以及国防等工业领域,但由于石英玻璃的物理机械性能尤其是韧性和强度与金属材料相比有很大差异,在加工时材料承受的载荷很容易超过材料的屈服极限而发生断裂破坏,因此,采用传统加工方式不但加工效率低,而且伴随着刀具磨损严重、破碎崩边等问题。旋转超声加工以其卓越的加工能力可为此类硬脆材料高效去除加工提供有效的解决方案。本文分别从材料行为、裂纹扩展方式、刀具磨粒运动学建模与轨迹仿真以及工艺参数影响规律等四个方面对石英玻璃的高频旋转超声铣削工艺规律与材料去除机理进行讨论与分析。论文的主要工作主要从以下几个方面展开:(1)基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元仿真平台,对石英玻璃旋转超声铣削过程进行了建模仿真,分析了材料去除过程中刀-工作用区应力场分布特性,研究了金刚石刀具高频往复冲击时复合作用导致的裂纹萌生与扩展,阐明了材料去除机理。(2)通过MATLAB软件对进给速度、主轴转速以及超声振动频率对刀具端面磨粒空间三维运动轨迹的影响规律进行运动学模拟,从理论上分析了超声激励作用对刀具磨粒速度以及加速度的影响规律,描述了金刚石磨粒运动学、动力学特征及其与待去除材料的交互作用特点。(3)通过纳米压痕实验和划痕试验研究了石英玻璃在连续线性载荷控制和深度控制下的石英玻璃材料形貌变化过程,获得了石英玻璃纳米压痕载荷深度曲线以及弹-塑-脆三态变化的深度、载荷、声学信号曲线,并总结了石英玻璃微观材料去除规律以及弹-塑和脆-塑变化的临界载荷和临界切削深度。(4)对石英玻璃旋转超声端面铣削工艺参数影响规律进行了试验分析,研究了进给速度、主轴转速、切削宽度以及切削深度对加工表面质量的影响规律与机理,并将传统端面铣削的工艺效果同旋转超声端面铣削进行对比,并将超声振幅对实际切削深度的影响程度进行了理论分析与试验验证。
[Abstract]:Quartz glass has excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, low expansion coefficient, heat resistance and shock resistance, high chemical stability and so on. It is widely used in chemical, electronic, metallurgical and national defense industries.However, because the physical and mechanical properties of quartz glass, especially its toughness and strength, are quite different from those of metallic materials, it is easy for the material to bear the load beyond the yield limit of the material during processing and to fracture.The traditional machining method is not only inefficient, but also accompanied by serious tool wear and breakage.Rotary ultrasonic machining with its excellent processing ability can provide an effective solution for the high efficiency removal of hard and brittle materials.In this paper, the material behavior, crack propagation mode,The kinematics modeling and trajectory simulation of cutting tools and the influence of process parameters on the cutting process of quartz glass by rotating ultrasonic milling are discussed and analyzed in this paper.Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element simulation platform, this paper models and simulates the rotary ultrasonic milling process of quartz glass, and analyzes the stress field distribution characteristics of the cutter and working area in the process of material removal, the main work of this paper is as follows: (1) based on the ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element simulation platform, the rotary ultrasonic milling process of quartz glass is modeled and simulated.The crack initiation and propagation caused by high frequency reciprocating impact of diamond cutting tools are studied, and the material removal mechanism. 2) feeding speed is explained by MATLAB software.The effect of spindle speed and ultrasonic vibration frequency on the three-dimensional motion trajectory of tool surface abrasive particles is simulated by kinematics. The influence of ultrasonic excitation on the velocity and acceleration of tool wear particles is analyzed theoretically.The kinematics of diamond abrasive particles is described.Kinetic characteristics and its interaction with the material to be removed. The morphology of quartz glass under continuous linear load and depth control was studied by nano-indentation test and scratch test.The depth curve of nano-indentation load, the depth, load and acoustic signal curves of elastic-plastic brittle three-state change were obtained.The effects of critical load and critical cutting depth of elastic-plastic and brittle-plastic variation on the parameters of rotary ultrasonic end-milling of quartz glass were analyzed and the feed rate was studied. The removal rule of quartz glass microcosmic material and the critical load and critical cutting depth of elastic-plastic and brittle-plastic variation were also summarized.The influence law and mechanism of spindle speed, cutting width and cutting depth on the quality of machined surface are discussed. The effect of traditional end milling is compared with that of rotary ultrasonic end milling.The influence of ultrasonic amplitude on the actual cutting depth is theoretically analyzed and tested.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ171.683

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