多因素对锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷自我回复与再退化的影响

发布时间：2018-04-14 18:55

本文选题：锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷 + 电退化　；参考：《贵州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：PZT(锆钛酸铅,Lead Zirconate Titanate)作为压电陶瓷的一种,因其较好的压电性能,低廉的材料成本,被广泛应用于各种电子机械装置,例如:在直流负载下工作的压电马达、致动器、执行元件等。但是,压电材料在应用中的电退化现象严重影响了其性能和使用寿命,具体表现为压电材料本体的电阻值随着时间逐渐下降、压电性能退化,从而导致压电元件的失效。当施加在压电元件上的电场强度增强、周围环境温度、湿度升高的情况下,压电材料的电退化现象会显著加剧,从而极大地降低了产品在恶劣环境中的使用寿命。在本项目的实验中,制备了一种具有电学性能良好、电退化速率较快的压电陶瓷样品,并对其微观组织结构进行了表征。并且,通过分析样品的漏电流变化,研究了环境因素(温度、湿度)和自我回复时长、再退化时间以及自我回复负载之间的相互关系,提出了压电陶瓷自我回复现象与再退化现象的微观机理,并完善了现有的电退化理论。得出结论:压电陶瓷自我回复时间越长,再退化时间也越长,呈线性关系,再退化时间是自我回复时间的0.4477倍;压电陶瓷的自我回复与再退化与电退化程度无关;压电陶瓷的自我回复与再退化现象与温度和湿度无关;压电陶瓷自我回复负载越大,再退化时间越短。压电陶瓷存在一个临界电场Ec,只有低于这个电场,陶瓷才会发生自我回复和再退化现象。这为提高压电陶瓷在工业应用中的使用寿命和可靠性提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:As a kind of piezoelectric ceramics, PZT (lead Zirconate Titanate) is widely used in various electronic and mechanical devices, such as piezoelectric motors and actuators working under DC load, because of its good piezoelectric properties and low material cost.Executive elements, etc.However, the electrical degradation of piezoelectric materials in application seriously affects its performance and service life. The specific performance of piezoelectric materials is that the resistance of piezoelectric materials decreases gradually with time, and the piezoelectric properties degenerate, which leads to the failure of piezoelectric elements.When the electric field intensity is increased and the ambient temperature and humidity are increased, the electric degradation of piezoelectric materials will be aggravated significantly, thus greatly reducing the service life of the products in the harsh environment.In the experiment of this project, a piezoelectric ceramic sample with good electrical properties and fast electric degradation rate was prepared, and its microstructure was characterized.The relationship between environmental factors (temperature, humidity) and self-recovery time, re-degradation time and self-recovery load was studied by analyzing the variation of leakage current.The micro-mechanism of self-recovery and re-degradation of piezoelectric ceramics is proposed, and the existing theory of electrical degradation is improved.It is concluded that the longer the self-recovery time of piezoelectric ceramics, the longer the time of re-degradation, which is linear, and the time of re-degradation is 0.4477 times longer than that of self-recovery, and the self-recovery of piezoelectric ceramics has nothing to do with the degree of electrical degradation and the self-recovery of piezoelectric ceramics.The self-recovery and re-degradation of piezoelectric ceramics are independent of temperature and humidity, and the larger the self-recovery load is, the shorter the redegradation time is.There is a critical electric field Ec. it is only below this electric field that self-recovery and re-degradation will occur in piezoelectric ceramics.This provides a theoretical basis for improving the service life and reliability of piezoelectric ceramics in industrial applications.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ174.1

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