泥岩电化学改性的试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 06:25

本文选题：泥岩 + 黏土矿物　；参考：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：泥岩是煤系地层沉积岩中一种主要的构成岩，其主要矿物成分有黏土矿物、碎屑矿物和后生矿物等，而黏土矿物含量所占的比例能达到40%以上。由于泥岩中含有大量的黏土矿物，其物理化学特性容易受到水、湿度、温度和压力等环境因素的影响，特别地，当遇水时能表现出极强的吸水膨胀能力，容易发生软化崩解现象。近些年，随着我国经济的快速增长，工程领域建设也加快了步伐，由于泥岩本身所具有的特性，对工程的稳定性将会产生巨大的影响,从而造成极大的经济损失。因此，力求探索出一种能改变泥岩本身的物理化学特性的方法，对于提高软岩工程的长久安全稳定是非常必要的。鉴于此，本文采用富含黏土矿物的山东洼里煤矿底板泥质页岩作为研究对象，深入分析泥质页岩的物化特性和直流电作用下的电渗流机理，通过运用电化学方法对泥质页岩进行改性，并进一步完成了泥质页岩的膨胀试验、泥质页岩的剪切破坏试验和相似模拟试验，取得了几点成果，归纳如下： (1)系统地研究了各种双电层的模型及理论，并对电化学作用泥岩过程中的电解、电渗流、电动和电泳等机理进行了探讨。 (2)通过开展的不同电位梯度作用下重塑样的膨胀试验，，发现电化学作用确实对岩样的膨胀性起到了抑制作用。当电位梯度为0.5V·cm-1时，重塑样最终膨胀率最小，因此0.5V·cm-1为最佳电化学改性的电位梯度。 (3)通过开展泥质页岩的剪切破坏试验，可知电化学作用后的重塑样，其平均抗拉强度在一定程度均得到了增强，其增强的范围为23.08%～50.58%，其中电位梯度为0.5V·cm-1的电场作用效果最为明显。 (4)通过开展相似模拟试验，系统分析后发现，试件阳极的强度都比阴极的强度大，且单轴抗压强度的大小关系为：铜＞不锈钢＞铝。另外，相似模拟混合物试件电阻率的大小能反映其单轴抗压强度，可为岩土工程中的检验和测试提供一种简捷的方法。综合单轴抗拉强度的大小、电极材料的腐蚀程度、工程施工的操作性和经济性等因素，在矿山巷道围岩改性施工的过程中，用不锈钢的锚杆作为电极材料是一种行之有效的方法。
[Abstract]:Mudstone is one of the main components of sedimentary rocks in coal-bearing strata. Its main mineral components are clay minerals, clastic minerals and epigenetic minerals, and the proportion of clay mineral content can reach more than 40%. Because mudstone contains a lot of clay minerals, its physical and chemical properties are easily affected by environmental factors such as water, humidity, temperature and pressure. It is easy to soften and disintegrate. In recent years, with the rapid growth of China's economy, the construction of the engineering field has also accelerated the pace, because of the characteristics of mudstone itself, the stability of the project will have a huge impact, resulting in great economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a method to change the physical and chemical characteristics of mudstone in order to improve the long-term safety and stability of soft rock engineering. In view of this, the shale in the bottom plate of Wali Coal Mine, Shandong Province, which is rich in clay minerals, is used as the research object, and the physical and chemical characteristics of the shale and the electroosmotic mechanism under the direct current electric action are deeply analyzed. By using electrochemical method to modify shale, and further completed the expansion test of shaly shale, shearing failure test and similar simulation test of shaly shale, several achievements have been obtained, which can be summarized as follows: 1) the models and theories of various double layers are systematically studied, and the electrolysis, electroosmotic, electrokinetic and electrophoretic mechanisms in the process of electrochemical action on mudstone are discussed. 2) through the experiments of remolding samples under different potential gradient, it is found that electrochemical action does inhibit the dilatability of rock samples. When the potential gradient is 0.5 V cm-1, the final expansion rate of the remolded sample is the smallest, so 0.5V cm-1 is the best potential gradient for electrochemical modification. 3) through the shear failure test of shaly shale, it can be seen that the average tensile strength of the remolded sample after electrochemical action has been enhanced to a certain extent, and the range of enhancement is 23.08V / 50.58, and the electric field effect of the potential gradient of 0.5V / cm-1 is the most obvious. Through the similar simulation test, it is found that the strength of anode is higher than that of cathode, and the relation of uniaxial compressive strength is: copper > stainless steel > aluminum. In addition, the resistivity of similar simulated mixtures can reflect its uniaxial compressive strength, which can provide a simple and convenient method for testing and testing geotechnical engineering. Combined with the uniaxial tensile strength, the corrosion degree of electrode material, the maneuverability and economy of engineering construction, etc., in the process of modifying the surrounding rock of mine roadway, It is an effective method to use stainless steel anchor rod as electrode material.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD315;TQ150

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