化工管道系统的生命周期评价与优化管理

发布时间：2018-05-01 11:37

本文选题：化工管道系统 + 管材　；参考：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：工程建设活动伴随着人类社会的发展。工程建设为人们的生产、生活提供了方便条件,促进了经济的发展。同时在工程建筑过程中也消耗了大量的资源、能源,也带来了许多的环境问题。如不断加剧的大气、水体以及土壤污染等,这些问题已经威胁到了人类的生存和发展。因此,在进行工程建设时,不但要考虑这些活动对当前环境的影响,还要从全生命周期的角度分析对环境造成影响的各种因素,这样才能有效的提出改进方法,从而实现可持续发展。本研究以化工工程中的管道系统为研究对象。按照生命周期评价方法的技术框架,将管道系统划分为不同的生命周期阶段,对每一阶段的能耗和环境污染物排放情况进行分析,并根据评价结果提出各个阶段减少环境排放的优化建议。首先,结合论文研究的背景,综述了生命周期评价方法的基本理论和当前国内外相关研究的进展。在此基础上,根据化工管道系统的特点,按定义的目标范围,将其整个生命周期划分为设计、管材生产加工、施工、系统运行、报废拆除等五个阶段,分析每一阶段的能耗和环境影响因素。建立化工管道系统生命周期评价技术框架。其次,以具体工程项目为例,选择四种主要的管材进行清单分析,通过数据处理,得到管道系统各阶段的能耗数据,进而获得环境污染物排放量,计算出每种管材相应环境影响类型下的环境负荷影响潜值。建立管道系统层次分析模型,通过层次分析法确定每种环境影响类型的相对重要性权重。从结果来看,管道系统生命周期中,环境污染物排放主要集中在管材生产加工和管道运行阶段。最后,针对影响评价结果,本文提出,结合化工管道各生命周期阶段的特点,在满足管道介质工艺条件的前提下,重点在管材生产加工阶段和系统运行阶段给出优化建议。通过本文的理论研究和案例分析,了解了化工管道系统生命周期各阶段的能耗和环境排放情况,为未来的进一步研究奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Engineering construction activities are accompanied by the development of human society. Engineering construction provides convenient conditions for people's production and life, and promotes the development of economy. At the same time, it also consumes a lot of resources, energy and brings many environmental problems in the process of construction. These problems have threatened the survival and development of human beings, such as the increasing pollution of atmosphere, water and soil. Therefore, in carrying out engineering construction, we should not only consider the impact of these activities on the current environment, but also analyze the various factors that affect the environment from the perspective of the whole life cycle, so that we can effectively propose ways to improve the environment. In order to achieve sustainable development. This research takes the pipeline system in chemical engineering as the research object. According to the technical framework of the life cycle assessment method, the pipeline system is divided into different life cycle stages, and the energy consumption and environmental pollutant emissions at each stage are analyzed. According to the evaluation results, the optimization suggestions for reducing environmental emissions in each stage are put forward. First of all, the basic theory of life cycle evaluation method and the progress of domestic and foreign research are summarized according to the background of this paper. On this basis, according to the characteristics of chemical pipeline system, according to the defined target range, the whole life cycle is divided into five stages: design, pipe production and processing, construction, system operation and scrapping. Analysis of energy consumption and environmental impact factors at each stage. A technical framework for life cycle evaluation of chemical pipeline system is established. Secondly, take the concrete project as an example, select four kinds of main pipe to carry on the inventory analysis, through the data processing, obtains the pipeline system each stage energy consumption data, then obtains the environmental pollutant discharge, The environmental load influence potential of each kind of pipe is calculated. The AHP model of pipeline system is established and the relative importance weight of each environmental impact type is determined by AHP. The results show that in the life cycle of pipeline system, the emission of environmental pollutants is mainly in the stage of pipe production, processing and pipeline operation. Finally, according to the results of impact assessment, this paper puts forward some optimization suggestions on the basis of the characteristics of each life cycle stage of chemical pipeline, and on the premise of satisfying the technological conditions of pipeline medium, especially in the stage of pipe production and processing and the stage of system operation. Based on the theoretical study and case study in this paper, the energy consumption and environmental emission in different stages of the life cycle of chemical pipeline system are understood, which lays a foundation for further research in the future.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ053.6;X322

【参考文献】