氯碱厂电解装置废气处理的工艺技术改造研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 05:26

本文选题：氯碱 + 氯气　；参考：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：氯碱厂电解装置产生氯气、氯化氢、盐酸酸雾、硫酸酸雾、二氧化碳等大量废气,对这些废气的有效处理和回收是降低氯碱行业大气污染排放的有效途径。在本文,我们针对新疆中泰化学华泰公司氯碱厂电解装置废气处理技术中存在的问题,对离子膜电解工段和盐酸合成工段中上述废气的回收工艺进行了技术改造研究。(1)在废氯气回收工艺中,进行了CPVC取代UPVC管线、新增板式换热器、增设碱液高位槽和变频机泵等改造,改造后,装置的稳定性和适用性均得到大幅度提高。(2)在氯化氢尾气回收工艺中,进行了对氯化氢输出管路增装止回阀、将填料塔改为喷淋式吸收塔、在酸罐内增加氮气管线等改造,解决了氯化氢互串、外溢、爆炸等问题。(3)增装了硫酸酸雾和盐酸酸雾尾气的吸收装置,解决了酸雾排空造成的污染和腐蚀问题,提高了生产装置的稳定性和安全性。(4)增装了用碱液吸收二氧化碳制碳酸钠的装置,实现了二氧化碳的资源化利用,降低了运行成本,减少了温室气体二氧化碳的排放。通过上述工艺技术改造,实现了氯碱厂电解装置废气的减排或再利用,排放值均符合国家大气污染排放标准。
[Abstract]:Chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride, acid mist of hydrochloric acid, acid mist of sulphuric acid, carbon dioxide and so on are produced in the electrolysis unit of chlor-alkali plant. The effective treatment and recovery of these waste gas is an effective way to reduce the emission of atmospheric pollution in chlor-alkali industry. In this paper, we aim at the problems existing in the waste gas treatment technology of chlor-alkali plant in Sino- Thai Chemical Huatai Company. The process of recovering the waste gas from the electrolytic section of ionic membrane and the synthetic section of hydrochloric acid has been studied. The waste gas recovery process has been replaced by CPVC instead of UPVC pipeline, and the plate heat exchanger has been added. The stability and applicability of the unit are greatly improved after the revamping of the high lye tank and the inverter pump.) in the hydrogen chloride tail gas recovery process, additional check valves have been installed on the hydrogen chloride output line. By changing the packed column into a spray absorption tower and adding nitrogen pipeline in the acid tank, the problems of hydrogen chloride crossover, spillover and explosion are solved by adding an absorber for the tail gas of sulfuric acid mist and hydrochloric acid mist. The problem of pollution and corrosion caused by acid mist emptying is solved, and the stability and safety of the production unit are improved. The equipment of absorbing carbon dioxide to sodium carbonate with alkali solution is added, which realizes the utilization of carbon dioxide and reduces the operation cost. Reduced greenhouse gas carbon dioxide emissions. The emission reduction and reuse of waste gas from electrolysis unit in chlor-alkali plant are realized through the above technological transformation, and the emission values are in line with the national air pollution emission standard.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X781.2

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