储罐爆炸碎片二次设备损伤三维仿真研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 06:01

本文选题：爆炸碎片 + 三维仿真　；参考：《沈阳航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：化工储罐的燃烧、爆炸事故会产生具有破坏性的碎片向外抛射,一旦击中相邻罐体或其他工业设施将会引发多米诺效应。现如今对于燃烧、爆炸的仿真以传统形式的数值和图像方式为主,随着计算机技术的飞速发展,基于三维渲染引擎开发的三维仿真技术正在逐渐迭代以往的模拟方式。基于三维仿真的安全评价凭借立体化、直观化的沉浸式体验以及高效的数据计算,动态模拟事故现场环境,重现事故发生过程,可为事故的影响范围和危害程度做出更全面的系统安全评价。与传统安全评价技术相比,该技术可进一步提高安全评价立体化水平,为安全管理、危险源控制提供更科学有效的依据。本文分析了爆炸反应的机理和能量的产生及释放过程,根据其能量来源进行了分类。对于物理性爆炸,分析其反应前后压强以及吸放热变化情况分别对气态、液态、气液混合态建立了爆炸能量释放模型。对于化学性爆炸,分析其燃烧物质的体积和燃烧热分析其能量释放模型。然后通过事故后果及气体膨胀做功两种方式对爆炸碎片的初速度模型做了分析,根据事故经验数据确定了爆炸碎片的抛射角,使该评价方法既可以应用于事故后果的分析,也可以应用于事故的预测。由3ds Max建立的三维模型导入至Unity3D下进行三维环境搭建。在分析和推导的数学模型基础上,将碎片运动模型植入三维环境中。从软件开发的角度,选用了合适的场景配置和数据结构,之后对仿真对象进行编辑,并加以不确定性数据的抽样模块为碎片的运动数据分析及轨迹显示提供数据支持。爆炸碎片的三维仿真试验可输出爆炸碎片在不同储罐间距下的碰撞数据、击穿数据以及碎片分布数据。实现了操作者通过输入相关的必要仿真数据即可得出的仿真结果,用于分析爆炸碎片的影响范围和伤害大小,为事故的分析和预测提供数据参考。
[Abstract]:With the combustion of chemical storage tanks, the explosion accident will produce destructive debris ejection, once hit adjacent tanks or other industrial facilities will lead to domino effect. Nowadays, the simulation of combustion and explosion is based on the traditional numerical and image methods. With the rapid development of computer technology, the 3D simulation technology based on 3D rendering engine is gradually iterating over the previous simulation methods. The safety evaluation based on 3D simulation can dynamically simulate the accident site environment and reproduce the accident process by three-dimensional, visual immersive experience and efficient data calculation. More comprehensive system safety evaluation can be made for the impact range and harm degree of the accident. Compared with the traditional safety assessment technology, the technology can further improve the three-dimensional level of safety evaluation and provide a more scientific and effective basis for safety management and hazard source control. In this paper, the mechanism of explosion reaction and the process of energy generation and release are analyzed, and the energy sources are classified. For physical explosion, the explosion energy release models were established for gaseous, liquid and gas-liquid mixed states, respectively. For chemical explosion, the volume of combustion matter and the energy release model of combustion heat are analyzed. Then the initial velocity model of explosion debris is analyzed by means of accident consequence and gas expansion work, and the ejection angle of explosion debris is determined according to the accident experience data, so that the evaluation method can be applied to the analysis of accident consequence. It can also be applied to the prediction of accidents. The 3D model established by 3ds Max is imported into Unity3D to build 3D environment. Based on the analysis and derivation of the mathematical model, the debris motion model is implanted into the three-dimensional environment. From the point of view of software development, suitable scene configuration and data structure are selected, and then the simulation object is edited, and the sampling module of uncertain data is used to provide data support for the analysis and track display of debris moving data. Three-dimensional simulation test of explosion debris can output collision data, breakdown data and debris distribution data of explosion debris under different tank spacing. The simulation results can be obtained by inputting necessary simulation data, which can be used to analyze the impact range and damage of explosion debris, and to provide data reference for accident analysis and prediction.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ053.2;TQ086

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