自供能电流变弹性体减振器的设计与实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 19:32

本文选题：自供能减振器 + 压电陶瓷　；参考：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：振动噪声和能源危机一直以来倍受关注,如何将分布在环境中的振动噪声能量回收利用是关于绿色能源的新战略性发展理念。本文基于智能材料压电陶瓷和电流变弹性体设计了一种阻尼可电控调节的自供能电流变弹性体减振器,利用压电陶瓷的压电效应将振动能转换成电能,用于电控调节减振器中具有电流变效应的电流变弹性体的阻尼和刚度,实现减振器的自适应调节,使减振器更好的适应振动环境。采用理论与实验相结合的方法确定了压电陶瓷的发电性能和电流变弹性体的电控性能,最后,对新型阻尼可调减振器的进行了结构设计和实验分析。本文在理论和实验上对所设计的减振器在振动控制领域中的应用进行研究。具体内容如下:1、对两种智能材料的研究现状进行了总结,主要包括了压电能量采集技术的研究现状、电流变弹性体材料的研究动态以及利用此两种材料设计的阻尼可调的电/磁流变减振器的研究现状及发展动态。2、对压电陶瓷材料的压电效应进行了基础的理论分析,采用ANSYS分析方法确定了材料的结构尺寸、静压力与压电陶瓷发电性能之间的关系,并用实验验证三者之间的关系。3、采用了钛酸钡、淀粉、二甲基硅油以及硅橡胶材料在不同的电场条件下制作了三种不同分散相的电流变弹性体材料,利用微型万能试验机得到了三种弹性体在不同电场下力与压缩模量之间的曲线关系。4、最后设计与制作了自供能电流变弹性体减振器,实验测取了减振器分别在压电发电、无场强以及施加1000V电场条件下的减振数据,总结分析实验数据发现无电场条件下的减振效果最差,外加1000V电场的减振效果最好,而压电发电条件下的减振器的效果介于两者之间,实验最后证明利用压电陶瓷去电控调节电流变弹性体的阻尼的方法是可行的。
[Abstract]:Vibration noise and energy crisis have been paid more and more attention. How to recycle vibration and noise energy distributed in the environment is a new strategic development concept of green energy. Based on piezoelectric ceramics and electrorheological elastomers, a damping electrically adjustable electrorheological elastomer damper is designed in this paper. The vibrational energy is converted into electric energy by using the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics. It is used to adjust the damping and stiffness of electrorheological elastomer with electrorheological effect in electrically controlled vibration absorber to realize the adaptive adjustment of shock absorber and make the damper better adapt to the vibration environment. The generation performance of piezoelectric ceramics and the electrically controlled performance of electrorheological elastomer are determined by combining theory and experiment. Finally, the structure design and experimental analysis of the new damping adjustable damper are carried out. In this paper, the application of the designed shock absorber in the field of vibration control is studied theoretically and experimentally. The specific contents are as follows: 1. The research status of the two kinds of smart materials is summarized, mainly including the research status of piezoelectric energy acquisition technology. The research trends of electrorheological elastomer materials and the research status and development trends of electro / magnetorheological shock absorbers with adjustable damping designed by these two materials are discussed. The piezoelectric effects of piezoelectric ceramics are theoretically analyzed. ANSYS analysis method was used to determine the relationship between the structure size, static pressure and electricity generation performance of piezoelectric ceramics. The relationship between them was verified by experiments. Barium titanate and starch were used. Three kinds of electrorheological elastomer materials with different dispersed phases were prepared by dimethyl silicone oil and silicone rubber under different electric field conditions. The curve relationship between the force and compression modulus of three kinds of elastomers under different electric fields is obtained by using a micro universal testing machine. Finally, an electrorheological elastomer absorber with self-supply energy is designed and fabricated, and the shock absorber is experimentally measured to generate electricity in piezoelectric electricity. The results show that the damping effect is the worst under the condition of no electric field and 1000V electric field, and the damping effect is the best with the addition of 1000V electric field. The effect of the shock absorber under the condition of piezoelectric generation is between the two. Finally, it is proved that it is feasible to use piezoelectric ceramics to deregulate the damping of electrorheological elastomer.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ174.75

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