U形管式换热器管板研究与优化

发布时间：2018-05-13 06:57

本文选题：U形管式换热器 + 管板　；参考：《青岛科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：管壳式换热器是石油化工生产中最常见的化工设备,而管板在换热器正常工作时承受着压力载荷和温度载荷共同作用,正确分析管板受力状态对整台换热器的安全性和经济性起到重要作用。本论文以U形管式换热器为研究对象,根据工艺设计条件及GB151,详细设计出U形管式换热器的整体结构。该换热器管板厚度为57mm；管板分别与壳体法兰和管箱法兰连接；管板采用正三角形布管；管孔间距为25mm。由于管板结构复杂,采用Solidworks建立其三维模型并导入ANSYS进行分析。本文分析了管板在管程压力和壳程压力作用下的应力分布,在管板最大应力位置处做线性应力析,并按照分析设计标准JB4732对膜应力、弯曲应力和膜应力+弯曲应力做安全评定。通过对管板温度场分析得到结论是：在管板很小一部分厚度处温度接近于管程温度,大部分厚度处温度接近于壳程温度。分析了管板在温度载荷和压力载荷作用下的五种不同操作工况,应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对管板做热力耦合分析。并对管板分别进行三角形和正方形布管研究,分析结果表明温度载荷对厚管板产生较大的温差应力,管板发生最危险工况是停车的瞬间。此外,根据分析结果对换热器在开车或停车的顺序做了合理安排,从而避免换热器发生危险状况。通过分析,管板依据GB151设计是非常保守的。根据优化分析原理,本论文对减薄厚的管板做了最大危险工况分析和屈曲分析,其结果表明减薄后的管板厚度仍然满足条件要求。本论文对研究U形管式换热器管板研究具有一定的工程意义及参考价值。
[Abstract]:The shell and tube heat exchanger is the most common chemical equipment in petrochemical production, and the tube plate is subjected to pressure load and temperature load when the heat exchanger is working normally. Correctly analyzing the stress state of tube and plate plays an important role in the safety and economy of the whole heat exchanger. In this paper, the whole structure of U-tube heat exchanger is designed according to the process design conditions and GB151. The thickness of the tube and plate of the heat exchanger is 57 mm, the tube plate is connected with the shell flange and the tube box flange, the tube plate is arranged in a triangle and the spacing of the tube hole is 25 mm. Because of the complex structure of tube-plate, Solidworks is used to set up the three-dimensional model and import ANSYS to analyze it. In this paper, the stress distribution of tube and plate under the action of tube side pressure and shell side pressure is analyzed. The linear stress analysis is made at the position of maximum stress of tube and plate, and the safety assessment of membrane stress, bending stress and membrane stress bending stress is made according to the analytical design standard JB4732. Through the analysis of the temperature field of the tube plate, it is concluded that the temperature is close to the tube side temperature at a very small part of the tube plate thickness, and the temperature near the shell side temperature at most of the tube plate thickness. Five different operating conditions of tube-plate under temperature and pressure loads are analyzed. The coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of tube-plate is carried out by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The results show that the temperature load produces a large temperature difference stress on the thick tube-plate, and the most dangerous condition of the tube-plate is the moment of stopping. In addition, according to the results of the analysis, the order of starting or stopping the heat exchanger is arranged reasonably, so as to avoid the dangerous condition of the heat exchanger. Through analysis, the tube plate is very conservative according to GB151 design. According to the principle of optimization analysis, the maximum dangerous condition analysis and buckling analysis of thinned tube-plate are carried out in this paper. The results show that the thickness of thinned tube-plate still meets the requirements of the condition. This paper has certain engineering significance and reference value for the research of U-tube heat exchanger tube plate.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ051.5

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