半透明单晶硅光伏玻璃在建筑中应用的综合能耗研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 02:30

  本文选题：半透明光伏玻璃 + 建筑因素　； 参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在当前节能与推动可持续能源利用已成为社会共识的时代背景下,光伏建筑以正成为绿色生态建筑中颇具发展潜力的分支。在光伏建筑迅猛发展的态势下,半透明光伏玻璃的出现是光伏建筑大步向前发展的新生且重要的契机,其半透明性可以满足建筑采光、取景的需求,半透明性也意味着其与建筑因素的结合更为紧密,阳光的进入通过半透明光伏玻璃进入室内将影响到包括采光、制冷及采暖的能耗。对于半透明光伏玻璃,如何优化其设计,尤其是其透光率的优化设计对于光伏建筑的综合能耗表现有着较为关键的影响。本研究关注半透明光伏玻璃在建筑中的应用问题,研究其在不同建筑因素下的建筑综合能耗表现,并将其与传统玻璃进行能耗对比研究,从综合能耗角度分析半透明光伏玻璃在不同建筑因素下代替传统玻璃的可能性,探索并总结其不同建筑因素的优化设计策略。本研究主要采用实验结合模拟的方法,通过建立半透明光伏玻璃的计算模型,然后采用实际气象条件下的实验实测验证计算算法,最后将计算模型结合电脑模拟(EnergyPlus)进行不同建筑因素的设置,将不同电池覆盖率(PVR)的半透明光伏玻璃置于不同建筑因素下进行测试、分析与论证,并与传统玻璃进行对比,得出其建筑综合能耗情况与规律。研究发现,从综合节能角度而言,半透明光伏玻璃的电池覆盖率(PVR)在不同建筑条件下所导致的建筑综合能耗截然不同,在不同的建筑因素组合下,恰当的PVR取值将可以实现光伏玻璃综合节能的最大效益。随着半透明单晶硅PVR上升,光电转化率下降,PV发电量上升,照明能耗上升,空调能耗(制冷+采暖)下降。窗墙比和房间进深对于光伏玻璃的能耗表现具有很大的影响,光伏玻璃的性能分析必须给予一定的窗墙比和房间进深条件下才具有意义。我们选取了三种较为典型的传统玻璃与半透明光伏玻璃进行综合能耗的对比,在各种PVR下,单晶硅光伏玻璃的综合节能性能都优于单层玻璃和双层中空玻璃,其综合节能性能表现优于单层玻璃和一般的双层中空玻璃,但略逊于Low-E玻璃。本研究从设计策略与经验角度,总结了以下几个重要的结论。PVR值较高(50%-80%)的单晶硅光伏玻璃,较为适合窗墙比较大(0.5)的建筑空间;也较为适合进深较小(7m)的建筑空间;PVR值较低(10%-50%)的单晶硅光伏玻璃,较为适合窗墙比较小(0.2 0.5)和进深较大(≥7m)的建筑空间。房间进深较小(6m)时,光伏玻璃比《公共建筑节能设计标准》的能耗要求更为节能。窗墙比较小(0.35)时,光伏玻璃比《公共建筑节能设计标准》的能耗要求更为节能。这些结论在实际工程应用中可以起到较为重要的参考和借鉴的价值与作用。
[Abstract]:At present, energy saving and promoting sustainable energy use have become the social consensus, photovoltaic building is becoming a promising branch of green ecological architecture. With the rapid development of photovoltaic buildings, the appearance of translucent photovoltaic glass is a new and important opportunity for the development of photovoltaic buildings. Translucency also means that it is more closely associated with building factors, and the entry of sunlight through translucent photovoltaic glass will affect energy consumption, including lighting, cooling and heating. For translucent photovoltaic glass, how to optimize its design, especially the optimal design of its transmittance has a more critical impact on the performance of the comprehensive energy consumption of photovoltaic buildings. This study focuses on the application of translucent photovoltaic glass in buildings, studies the performance of building energy consumption under different building factors, and compares its energy consumption with that of traditional glass. The possibility of replacing traditional glass with translucent photovoltaic glass under different building factors is analyzed from the angle of comprehensive energy consumption, and the optimal design strategy of different building factors is explored and summarized. This research mainly adopts the method of experiment and simulation, establishes the calculation model of translucent photovoltaic glass, and then uses the actual meteorological conditions to verify the calculation algorithm. Finally, the calculation model is combined with computer simulation to set up different building factors. The translucent photovoltaic glass with different cell coverage (PVR) is tested, analyzed and demonstrated under different building factors, and compared with traditional glass. The comprehensive energy consumption of the building is obtained. It is found that, from the perspective of comprehensive energy saving, the cell coverage ratio of translucent photovoltaic glass (PVR) under different building conditions is very different. Appropriate PVR value can realize the maximum benefit of photovoltaic glass comprehensive energy saving. With the increase of semitransparent monocrystalline silicon (PVR), the photoelectric conversion rate decreases and the PV energy generation increases, the lighting energy consumption increases, and the air conditioning energy consumption (refrigeration heating) decreases. The ratio of window to wall and the depth of room have great influence on the energy consumption performance of photovoltaic glass. The performance analysis of photovoltaic glass must give a certain ratio of window to wall and the depth of room. We choose three typical traditional glass and translucent photovoltaic glass to compare the comprehensive energy consumption. Under various PVR, the comprehensive energy saving performance of monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic glass is better than that of single layer glass and double layer hollow glass. Its comprehensive energy saving performance is better than that of single layer glass and common double layer hollow glass, but it is inferior to Low-E glass. From the point of view of design strategy and experience, this study summarizes the following important conclusions. PVR value is higher than 50% -80% of the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic glass, which is more suitable for the building space with larger window wall than 0.5). The monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic glass with a lower PVR value of 10% -50 m is more suitable for the building space with a smaller window wall of 0.2 m) and a greater depth of depth (鈮，

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