浮法玻璃的混合阳离子效应研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 11:37

本文选题：浮法玻璃 + 混合碱土效应　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：浮法玻璃是建筑材料之一,浮法玻璃制造工业属于典型的高能耗产业,制备过程中需要消耗大量燃料,同时还会对环境造成污染。在玻璃熔制工艺中,熔融和澄清工艺消耗的热能最大,因此降低玻璃高温黏度,减少熔融和澄清所需温度是降低玻璃工业能耗的一种有效途径。本课题首先以钠钙硅酸盐系浮法玻璃为研究对象,在保持CaO、MgO氧化物总含量和其他氧化物含量不变的情况下,制备了一系列不同CaO/MgO比的钠钙硅酸盐系玻璃。采用维氏硬度研究玻璃的力学性质,热膨胀系数仪和高温旋转黏度测量仪研究玻璃的热学性质,拉曼光谱仪分析玻璃的显微结构。然后同样以钠钙硅酸盐系浮法玻璃为基础,保持CaO、Na2O、K2O总含量和其他氧化物不变的情况下,制备了一系列不同CaO/K2O比和一系列不同CaO/Na2O比的硅酸盐系玻璃。采用维氏硬度计研究玻璃常温下的性质,差示扫描热分析法研究玻璃的热学性能,拉曼光谱测试技术研究玻璃的显微结构。研究发现:当[CaO]和[MgO]总摩尔含量保持15.42%不变的情况下,随着[CaO]/([CaO]+[MgO])摩尔比从0增加到1,玻璃的维氏硬度、特征温度、低温黏度、高温黏度、料性均呈现出先降低后升高的变化趋势,并且当[CaO]/([CaO]+[MgO])摩尔比为0.5时这些性质的值偏离线性的程度最大。拉曼光谱测试结果表明在这些玻璃的显微结构单元中,高聚合程度单元的含量先降低后升高,低聚合程度单元的含量先升高后降低,说明Ca/Mg系列混合碱土效应会降低玻璃网络的聚合程度。当保持[CaO]、[Na2O]和[K2O]总摩尔含量保持22.02%不变的情况下,随着[CaO]/([CaO]+[R2O])(R=K,Na)摩尔比从0增加到1,玻璃的维氏硬度和玻璃转变温度出现具有正偏差的非线性下降趋势,并且当[CaO]/([CaO]+[R2O])(R=K,Na)摩尔比约为0.4时性质偏离线性的程度最大。拉曼光谱测试结果表明玻璃的显微结构单元中,高聚合程度单元的含量逐渐降低而低聚合度单元的含量逐渐升高,同时含量变化趋势均为非线性的,说明Ca/R(R=K,Na)系列混合阳离子效应提高了玻璃网络聚合程度。此外,Ca/K系列样品性质偏离线性的程度大于Ca/Na系列的,表示Ca/K系列样品混合阳离子效应的强度大于Ca/Na系列样品的,说明混合阳离子效应的强度与离子半径的差异有关。
[Abstract]:Float glass is one of the building materials. Float glass manufacturing industry is a typical high energy consumption industry, the preparation process needs to consume a lot of fuel, but also cause environmental pollution. In glass melting process, melting and clarification process consume the most heat energy, so reducing glass high temperature viscosity, reducing melting and clarifying temperature is an effective way to reduce energy consumption in glass industry. In this paper, a series of sodium calcium silicate glasses with different CaO/MgO ratios were prepared by taking the sodium calcium silicate system as the object of study, while keeping the total content of Cao / MgO oxides and the content of other oxides unchanged. The mechanical properties of glass were studied by Vickers hardness. The thermal properties of glass were studied by means of thermal expansion coefficient instrument and high temperature rotary viscometer. The microstructure of glass was analyzed by Raman spectrometer. Then a series of silicate glasses with different CaO/K2O ratios and different CaO/Na2O ratios were prepared on the same basis of sodium calcium silicate float glass and keeping the total content of Na2OK2O and other oxides unchanged. The properties of glass at room temperature were studied by Vickers hardness tester, the thermal properties of glass were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the microstructure of glass was studied by Raman spectroscopy. It was found that when the molar ratio of [CaO] and [MgO] remained unchanged at 15.42%, as the mole ratio of [CaO] / ([CaO] [MgO]) increased from 0 to 1, the Vickers hardness, characteristic temperature, low temperature viscosity, high temperature viscosity of the glass, Both of them showed a tendency of decreasing first and then increasing, and when the molar ratio of [CaO] / ([CaO] [MgO]) was 0.5, the degree of deviation from linearity of these properties was the greatest. The results of Raman spectroscopy showed that the content of high degree of polymerization unit decreased first and then increased, and the content of low degree of polymerization unit increased first and then decreased in the microstructure units of these glasses. It shows that the effect of Ca/Mg series mixed alkali soil can reduce the degree of polymerization of glass network. When the total molar contents of [CaO], [Na2O] and [K2O] remain unchanged at 22.02%, with the molar ratio of [CaO] / ([CaO] [R2O] ([CaO] [R2O] / R _ 2O] increasing from 0 to 1, the Vickers hardness of glass and the transition temperature of glass have a nonlinear decreasing trend with positive deviation. And when the molar ratio of [CaO] / ([CaO] [R2O] [R _ 2O]) is about 0.4, the degree of deviation from linearity is the greatest. The results of Raman spectroscopy show that the content of high degree of polymerization unit decreases gradually and the content of low degree of polymerization unit increases gradually in the microstructure unit of glass, and the change trend of content is nonlinear. The results show that the mixed cationic effect of Ca / R _ (R _ (+) _ (K _ (+) increases the degree of glass network polymerization. In addition, the degree of deviation of the properties of Ca / K series is greater than that of Ca/Na series, which indicates that the strength of mixed cation effect of Ca/K series sample is higher than that of Ca/Na series sample, which indicates that the strength of mixed cation effect is related to the difference of ion radius.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ171.721

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