铋系化合物的微结构可控合成及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 21:57

本文选题：铋系化合物 + 半导体　；参考：《南京理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米材料由于具有量子尺寸效应、表面效应、宏观量子隧道效应等特性,而在催化、光电设备、光电效应和传感器等领域有很大的应用前景。铋系化合物半导体材料更是以其优良的可见光吸收能力、独特的电子结构而具有较优异的光催化活性,受到了研究者们的广泛关注。由于纳米材料的物理和化学性质与其形貌和尺寸有密切的关系,本文主要研究铋系化合物半导体材料的可控合成,使用较简便的方法制备结构新颖的铋系化合物半导体材料,并研究了微结构对性能的影响。具体内容如下：(1)分别使用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和H2O溶解Bi(NO3)3和KOH,通过改变DMF/H2O的体积比分别制得了由菠萝形花瓣及纳米棒组成的花状结构、束状和树枝状结构的α-Bi2O3微晶,详细研究了不同微结构的形成机理。结果表明,树枝状Bi2O3微晶在可见光激发下对罗丹明B (RhB)的降解效果最好。(2)在氨水中使用柠檬酸铋作为单一前驱体,通过水热法制备得到了由纳米片自组装成的高度分散的蛋挞形状Bi2O2CO3纳米晶。氨水的浓度对Bi2O2CO3纳米晶的形成起着至关重要的作用。所合成的蛋挞形Bi2O2CO3纳米晶在紫外光激发下降解RhB时表现出了良好的光催化性能。(3)使用DMF作为溶剂,通过溶剂热法制备了直径为20 nm的HCOOBiO超长纳米线。所得到的高长径比纳米线在水中具有良好的分散性,同时由于纳米线表面带有正电荷,使其对水中的阴离子污染物如Cr2O72-及甲基橙(MO)具有良好的吸附性能。另外,HCOOBiO纳米线也表现出了较好的降解RhB的光催化活性。
[Abstract]:Due to its quantum size effect, surface effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, nanomaterials have great application prospects in the fields of catalysis, photoelectric equipment, photoelectric effect and sensor. Bismuth compound semiconductor materials have attracted much attention because of their excellent visible light absorption and unique electronic structure. Because the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials are closely related to their morphology and size, the controllable synthesis of bismuth compound semiconductor materials is studied in this paper. The effect of microstructure on the performance is also studied. The specific contents are as follows: (1) Bi(NO3)3 and Koch were dissolved by N (N) -dimethylformamide (DMF) and H _ 2O, respectively. By changing the volume ratio of DMF/H2O, 伪 -Bi _ 2O _ 3 microcrystals composed of pineapple petals and nanorods were obtained, respectively, and 伪 -Bi _ 2O _ 3 microcrystals composed of pineapple petals and nanorods were obtained. The formation mechanism of different microstructures was studied in detail. The results showed that dendritic Bi2O3 microcrystals could degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) by visible light, and bismuth citrate was used as a single precursor in ammonia solution. Highly dispersed egg tart shaped Bi2O2CO3 nanocrystals were prepared by hydrothermal method. The concentration of ammonia plays an important role in the formation of Bi2O2CO3 nanocrystals. The prepared egg tart Bi2O2CO3 nanocrystals showed good photocatalytic properties when decomposing RhB under UV irradiation. The ultralong HCOOBiO nanowires with diameter of 20 nm were prepared by solvothermal method using DMF as solvent. The obtained nanowires have good dispersibility in water and have good adsorption properties for anionic pollutants such as Cr _ 2O _ 72- and methyl orange monoxide due to the positive charge on the surface of nanowires. In addition, HCOOBiO nanowires also showed good photocatalytic activity for RhB degradation.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ135.32;TB383.1

【参考文献】