功能化石墨烯及其硅橡胶复合材料的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 17:32

本文选题：功能化 + 石墨烯　；参考：《杭州师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：石墨烯具有优异的力学、热学、电学性能,其已经成为全世界新材料研究的热点之一。但是,由于其巨大的比表面积和范德华力的作用,使得石墨烯极易团聚、石墨化,这影响到其在复合材料中的分散性,难以充分发挥出其本身固有的优异性能。因此,如何有效的将石墨烯均匀分散到复合材料中是其应用的关键和难点所在。本论文通过研究功能化石墨烯及其与聚硅氧烷复合材料的制备方法和性能,从理论上找出提高石墨烯与聚硅氧烷热力学相容性的方法,发掘提高该类复合材料力、热、电性能的途径,从而解决目前石墨烯复合材料制备和应用中的问题,进而获得具有优异物理化学特性的石墨烯/聚硅氧烷复合材料,主要研究内容及结果如下:1.通过改良的Hummers法自制了氧化石墨烯,并采用化学还原法及高温热还原法分别进行还原得到石墨烯,以此为填料,研究了不同制备方法的石墨烯对复合材料导热性能的影响。结果显示:其对复合材料的导热性能的影响不大,可见,提高复合材料的性能,需首先改善石墨烯和聚硅氧烷之间热力学相容性。2.为了改善石墨烯与聚硅氧烷的热力学相容性,我们采用硅烷偶联剂十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷对石墨烯进行共价键功能化表面改性,并通过泡沫镍构筑了3D的改性石墨烯网状结构。结果显示:石墨烯经改性后能均匀的分散在有机溶剂中,其与聚硅氧烷的热力学相容性得到改善,二者之间的分散性得到有效提高。3.相比共价键功能化的表面改性,我们还对石墨烯进行了非共价键功能化,制备了石墨烯/二氧化硅复合物,并对其电学性能以及与聚硅氧烷复合材料的力学、热稳定性能进行了研究。结果显示:复合物的比容量可通过对二氧化硅的含量的控制进行有效的调节,并且以此为填料的复合材料在力学与热学性能上都有明显的提升。
[Abstract]:Graphene has excellent mechanical, thermal and electrical properties, and it has become one of the hot spots in the research of new materials all over the world. However, because of its huge specific surface area and van der Waals force, graphene is easy to be agglomerated and graphitized, which affects its dispersibility in the composites and makes it difficult to give full play to its inherent excellent properties. Therefore, how to effectively disperse graphene into composites is the key and difficulty in its application. In this paper, the preparation methods and properties of functionalized graphene and its composites with polysiloxane were studied, and the methods to improve the thermodynamic compatibility of graphene and polysiloxane were found out theoretically, so as to improve the strength and heat of the composites. In order to solve the problems in the preparation and application of graphene composites, the graphene / polysiloxane composites with excellent physical and chemical properties are obtained. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. Graphene oxide was prepared by modified Hummers method and was reduced to graphene by chemical reduction method and high temperature thermal reduction method respectively. The effect of different preparation methods on thermal conductivity of composites was studied. The results show that the thermal conductivity of the composites is not much affected. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the thermodynamic compatibility between graphene and polysiloxane by improving the properties of the composites. In order to improve the thermodynamic compatibility of graphene and polysiloxane, we used silane coupling agent dodecyl trimethoxy silane to modify graphene by covalently functionalized surface modification. The results show that graphene can be uniformly dispersed in organic solvent after modification, the thermodynamic compatibility of graphene with polysiloxane is improved, and the dispersion of graphene with polysiloxane is improved effectively. Compared with the surface modification of covalent bonding, graphene was also functionalized by non-covalent bonding. Graphene / silica composites were prepared, and their electrical properties and mechanical properties with polysiloxane composites were investigated. The thermal stability was studied. The results show that the specific capacity of the composites can be adjusted effectively by controlling the content of silica, and the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites are improved obviously.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ127.11;TB332

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