激光选区烧结用陶瓷材料的制备及其成型技术

发布时间：2018-05-31 15:08

本文选题：D打印 + 陶瓷材料　；参考：《中国材料进展》2017年Z1期

【摘要】：相对于传统技术,3D打印技术在直接成型复杂形状金属和高分子零部件方面显示出了巨大的优越性。然而,3D打印技术在陶瓷零部件的成型方面尚存在诸多难题。为此,华中科技大学史玉升教授团队在3D打印陶瓷材料的制备及其成型技术方面做了较多研究。详细介绍了激光选区烧结(SLS)技术中复合粉体的两种主要制备方法:一种是通过机械混合法将陶瓷粉体与高分子聚合物机械混合制得SLS成型用复合粉体;另一种是通过溶解沉淀法或溶剂蒸发法将高分子聚合物包覆在陶瓷颗粒表面制得复合粉体。研究表明,采用上述两种制粉方法均可制备出具有良好流动性的适于3D打印的复合陶瓷粉体。还系统地讨论了SLS素坯的成型机理以及预热温度、激光功率和单层厚度等SLS工艺参数对陶瓷素坯的力学性能和成型精度的影响。在此基础上,采用最佳SLS工艺参数制备出传统成型工艺难以成型的具有三维孔洞结构的多孔堇青石和高岭土陶瓷零部件。此外,结合SLS工艺与冷等静压(CIP)技术提出了SLS/CIP复合成型技术,提高了SLS成型陶瓷的致密度和力学性能,制备出高性能、复杂结构的Al_2O_3、ZrO_2、Si C等致密陶瓷零部件,为采用3D打印技术制备航空航天、国防等领域用高性能陶瓷零部件打下了良好的基础。
[Abstract]:Compared with traditional 3D printing technology, 3D printing technology has shown great superiority in directly forming metal and polymer parts with complex shape. However, there are still many difficulties in the forming of ceramic parts by 3D printing technology. Therefore, the team of Professor Shi Yusheng of Huazhong University of Science and Technology has done more research on the preparation and molding technology of 3D printed ceramic materials. Two main preparation methods of composite powder in laser selective sintering (SLS) technology are introduced in detail: one is mechanical mixing of ceramic powder with polymer to produce composite powder for SLS molding; The other is the composite powder which is coated on the surface of ceramic particles by solution precipitation method or solvent evaporation method. The results show that the composite ceramic powder with good fluidity and suitable for 3D printing can be prepared by the two methods mentioned above. The effects of SLS process parameters such as preheating temperature laser power and single layer thickness on the mechanical properties and forming accuracy of SLS blank were also discussed systematically. On this basis, porous cordierite and kaolinite ceramic parts with three-dimensional pore structure which are difficult to be formed by traditional molding process are fabricated by optimum SLS process parameters. In addition, combined with SLS process and cold isostatic pressing (CIP) technology, SLS / CIP composite molding technology was put forward. The density and mechanical properties of SLS moulded ceramics were improved, and compact ceramic parts such as Al _ 2O _ 3T _ 2O _ 3Zr _ O _ 2Si _ C with high performance and complex structure were prepared. It lays a good foundation for the manufacture of high performance ceramic parts for aerospace and national defense by using 3D printing technology.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室;深圳华中科技大学研究院;武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院;上海航天设备制造总厂;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51605177) 深圳市知识创新计划基础研究项目(JCYJ20150630155150203) 上海航天创新基金(SAST2015055) 中国博士后科学基金(2015M572136,2017T100550) 国家02重大专项(2013ZX02104-001-002) 湖北省自然科学基金(2015CFB167) 材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室开放基金(P2017-002)
【分类号】：TQ174.6

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