考虑设备故障的蒸汽动力系统设计和改造研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 14:15

本文选题：蒸汽动力系统 + 故障　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：蒸汽动力系统在担负保障过程系统的蒸汽和动力供应的同时,还要保持较高的转化效率,达到节能减排的目标。实际过程工业中,由于设备故障的不可避免性和不确定性,在操作过程中必然会遇到设备随机故障,从而引起蒸汽动力系统产生的蒸汽和电力发生波动,严重情况下可能导致整个系统停车。所以需要对蒸汽动力系统进行可靠性优化设计本研究针对满足不确定蒸汽需求和考虑设备故障的锅炉系统设计,提出基于数学规划法的设计模型：对生产过程波动引起的不确定蒸汽需求以概率表达,采用Markov模型分析锅炉故障,表达为以一定概率发生的不确定参数。优化模型采用二阶段随机规划策略对蒸汽需求不确定波动和锅炉故障发生引起的约束违背进行补偿,以降低不确定变量对目标函数和约束条件的影响。本研究以年总费用最小为目标,建立混合整数线性模型(MILP),实现锅炉系统配置,设备模式确定以及应对蒸汽需求波动和设备故障发生的补偿操作的优化设计。锅炉是蒸汽动力系统蒸汽和电力产生的关键设备。由于生产系统调整或产量增大,导致过程蒸汽需求发生变化,需要对现有锅炉系统进行改造。首先对现有系统进行评价,分析不同工况下(特别是设备发生故障或蒸汽需求发生波动的工况)系统蒸汽的产生。改造措施包括运行设备的操作调节,备用设备的模式调节和引入其他设备增加系统裕量。本研究考虑锅炉故障和蒸汽需求波动,以最小改造费用为目标,建立MILP模型,通过锅炉系统改造案例表明了本文提出改造方法的有效性。蒸汽动力系统应保证较高的可靠性和柔性应对不确定设备故障和汽电需求,降低不确定性引起的损失。设备故障和汽电需求的不确定性会引起蒸汽和电力供应不足,影响蒸汽动力系统汽电的产生,设备操作性能以及汽电不足的生产损失。本文考虑可靠性和柔性对蒸汽动力系统进行设计,同时优化系统配置和操作调度,结合对应的补偿操作费用和生产损失费用建立MILP模型,实现蒸汽动力系统配置,备用设备状态以及设备故障和汽电需求波动下的调度操作。整个模型运用可靠性分析研究设备故障对系统操作的影响,采取多周期随机规划表达不确定汽电需求,通过设备共享负载操作,系统在设备启动、故障或维修状态期间从电网外购电力以及赔偿生产损失等补偿操作应对不确定性,并通过案例研究证明了方法论的有效性。
[Abstract]:Steam power system not only guarantees steam and power supply of process system, but also maintains high conversion efficiency to achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. In the actual process industry, due to the inevitability and uncertainty of the equipment failure, the random fault of the equipment will be encountered in the operation process, which will cause the steam and electric power to fluctuate in the steam power system. In serious cases, the entire system may be stopped. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the reliability of steam power system. This research aims at the boiler system design that meets the uncertain steam demand and considers the equipment failure. A design model based on mathematical programming method is proposed: the uncertain steam demand caused by the fluctuation of production process is expressed by probability, and the boiler fault is analyzed by Markov model, which is expressed as an uncertain parameter with a certain probability. In order to reduce the influence of uncertain variables on the objective function and constraint conditions, the optimization model uses a two-stage stochastic programming strategy to compensate for the uncertain fluctuation of steam demand and the constraint violation caused by boiler faults. Aiming at minimum annual total cost, a mixed integer linear model (MILPU) is established to realize boiler system configuration, equipment mode determination and optimal design of compensation operation to deal with steam demand fluctuation and equipment malfunction. Boiler is the key equipment for steam and power generation in steam power system. Due to the adjustment of production system or the increase of output, the process steam demand changes, so the existing boiler system needs to be reformed. Firstly, the existing system is evaluated, and the steam generation of the system is analyzed under different working conditions, especially when the equipment fails or the steam demand fluctuates. Modification measures include operational adjustment of operating equipment, mode adjustment of standby equipment, and introduction of other equipment to increase system margin. In this study, considering boiler faults and fluctuation of steam demand, a MILP model is established with the aim of minimum retrofit cost. The effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper is demonstrated by a case study of boiler system retrofit. The steam power system should ensure high reliability and flexibility to deal with uncertain equipment failures and steam demand, and reduce the loss caused by uncertainty. The failure of equipment and the uncertainty of steam demand will lead to the shortage of steam and power supply, which will affect the generation of steam and electricity in steam power system, the operating performance of equipment and the production loss of insufficient steam and electricity. Considering reliability and flexibility, this paper designs steam power system, optimizes system configuration and operation scheduling, establishes MILP model combined with corresponding compensation operation cost and production loss cost, realizes steam power system configuration. Standby equipment status and scheduling operations in case of equipment failure and fluctuating steam and power demand. The whole model uses reliability analysis to study the influence of equipment failure on system operation, and adopts multi-period random programming to express uncertain steam and electricity demand. Through equipment sharing load operation, the system starts in the equipment. Compensation operations such as purchasing electricity from the power grid and compensating for production losses during the period of failure or maintenance should deal with uncertainty. The effectiveness of the methodology has been proved by case study.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ083

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