高性能刚玉—尖晶石浇注料防爆性能与应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 11:21

  本文选题：刚玉-尖晶石浇注料 + 防爆剂　； 参考：《武汉科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代工业对钢铁品质要求的提高，高性能刚玉-尖晶石浇注料在大型钢包上的使用也越来越广泛。微粉或者超微粉的加入在提高了刚玉-尖晶石浇注料使用性能的同时，也提高了浇注料致密度，阻塞了气孔，使得浇注料在升温烘烤过程中水蒸气不易排出，导致其在烘烤过程中抗爆裂性能变差，钢包烘烤时间延长，，影响了钢包周转且造成烘烤成本增加，对于整体施工的衬体和大型预制件，其影响尤为明显。 本论文以板状刚玉骨料和细粉、镁砂细粉、78尖晶石细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、纯铝酸钙水泥等为主要原料，通过向刚玉-尖晶石浇注料中添加合适的防爆剂以及对浇注料烘烤排水过程进行研究，以使得在不明显影响浇注料其他性能的情况下，尽可能地改善其抗爆裂性能，并制定合理的烘烤制度，缩短钢包烘烤时间。具体研究工作如下： （1）向浇注料中单独添加金属铝粉、有机纤维、偶氮酰氨和乳酸铝，研究各防爆剂对刚玉-尖晶石浇注料防爆等性能的影响。结果表明：在各防爆剂加入量不致过多的情况下，浇注料的强度、体密和抗渣侵蚀性能并不会受到太大影响；金属铝粉对刚玉-尖晶石浇注料抗爆裂性能改善最为明显，然而金属铝粉添加较多会对浇注料的基质结构造成了很大的破坏；有机纤维会严重影响浇注料的流动性能，对于浇注料层较厚或者烘烤时间较长时，纤维对浇注料抗爆裂性能的改善才会有较明显的体现；当偶氮酰胺加入量达0.12%时浇注料的抗爆裂性能才有较明显的改善，但其加入过多会产生较多刺激性气体NH3，限制了其使用；在添加乳酸铝后，浇注料的常温强度改善明显，但其抗爆裂性能改善甚微，同时，乳酸铝的添加也严重降低了浇注料的流动性能。 （2）减少防爆剂的加入量，将防爆剂复合使用，研究了复合防爆剂对刚玉-尖晶石浇注料性能的影响。结果表明：防爆剂少量添加复合使用，可以在不明显降低浇注料其他性能的基础之上显著提高浇注料的抗爆裂性能。复合添加0.06%金属铝粉、0.03%有机纤维和0.05%的乳酸铝的试样抗爆裂性能最好，抗爆裂温度达900℃；当浇注料中已添加金属铝粉时，偶氮酰氨的加入并不能进一步改善其抗爆裂性能；在复合添加金属铝粉和有机纤维基础之上，添加少量乳酸铝会使得浇注料的抗爆裂性能进一步得到很大改善。 （3）刚玉-尖晶石浇注料烘烤过程中发生爆裂主要是自由水排出受阻所产生的巨大蒸汽压力，结构水含量少，排出结构水的过程并不会使得浇注料产生爆裂性破坏。对于实际浇筑体的烘烤，将烘烤温度迅速升至200℃或者更高，经1~2h保温后，采取25~35℃/h的慢速连续升温，这样可以有效利用烘烤时间，也可防止内部蒸汽压力的突然增大或者热震所导致的爆裂现象。
[Abstract]:High performance corundum-spinel castables are more and more widely used in large ladles with the improvement of steel quality requirements in modern industry. The addition of micro-powder or ultrafine powder not only improves the performance of corundum spinel castable, but also increases the density of castable and blocks the porosity, which makes it difficult to discharge water vapor during heating and baking. As a result, the cracking resistance becomes worse and the ladle baking time is prolonged, which affects the ladle turnover and causes the increase of baking cost, especially for the lining and large preforms of the whole construction. In this paper, the main raw materials are plate corundum aggregate and fine powder, magnesia fine powder, fine spinel powder, 伪 -Al _ 2O _ 3 powder, pure calcium aluminate cement, etc. By adding appropriate explosion-proof agent to the corundum spinel castable and studying the baking drainage process of the castable, the bursting resistance of the castable can be improved as far as possible without obviously affecting the other properties of the castable. A reasonable baking system is established to shorten the baking time of ladle. The specific research work is as follows: 1) adding metal aluminum powder, organic fiber, azo _ 3 and aluminum lactate to the castable separately, and studying the effect of various explosion-proof agents on the explosion-proof properties of corundum spinel castable. The results show that the strength, bulk density and slag corrosion resistance of castable will not be greatly affected when the amount of explosion proof agent is not excessive, and the crack resistance of corundum spinel castable is improved most obviously by aluminum powder. However, the matrix structure of castable can be destroyed greatly by adding more aluminum powder, and the fluidity of castable can be seriously affected by organic fiber, when the layer of castable is thicker or the baking time is longer, Only when the content of azo amide reaches 0.12, the crack resistance of castable can be improved obviously, but too much of it will produce more irritating gas NH _ 3, which limits its use. After adding aluminum lactate, the strength of castable at room temperature is improved obviously, but its crack resistance is improved very little. At the same time, the addition of aluminum lactate also seriously reduces the fluidity of castable. The effect of the composite explosion inhibitor on the properties of corundum-spinel castable was studied. The results show that the explosion resistance of the castable can be improved significantly on the basis of adding a small amount of explosion-proof agent to the compound without obviously reducing the other properties of the castable. Adding 0.06% aluminum powder 0.03% organic fiber and 0.05% aluminum lactate into the compound sample has the best crack resistance, and the crack resistance temperature reaches 900 鈩

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