利用赤泥制备轻质保温材料的工艺与性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 20:02

  本文选题：赤泥 + 成孔剂　； 参考：《济南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：赤泥堆存量逐渐增加,不仅占用了大量的土地资源,而且造成了严重的环境污染,赤泥的综合利用已经成为亟需解决的难题。本论文针对赤泥存在的理化性质复杂、胶凝活性低等问题,在对赤泥基本特性进行测试分析的基础上,利用其分别制备了赤泥轻质保温砖和赤泥轻质陶粒,探讨其相关作用机理。利用X射线荧光光谱仪、X射线衍射分析仪、SEM、差热分析仪对赤泥的化学组成、物相组成、微观形貌及热性能进行了测试表征。结果表明,赤泥主要化学组成为Si O2、Fe2O3、Al2O3,主要物相组成为石英、方解石、赤铁矿、钙铝榴石、钙铁榴石、钙黄长石等晶体矿物,赤泥中主要矿物的物理化学性质比较稳定。研究了粉磨时间对赤泥粒度的影响,结果表明,随着粉磨时间的增加,赤泥过140目方孔筛筛余量呈现先减小后增大的趋势;粉磨时间为30min时,赤泥过140目方孔筛筛余量达到最小值。赤泥烧结砖原料配比试验中,研究了主要原料配比、复合助熔剂配比及其掺量、成孔剂配比对赤泥轻质保温砖性能的影响,结果表明,赤泥烧结砖主要原料配比为赤泥:泥沙:膨润土=5:4:1,复合助熔剂配比为硝酸钠:硼砂:氟化钙=1:3:2,复合助熔剂掺量为4%时,以150g原料中掺加250ml聚苯颗粒与100ml膨胀珍珠岩作为成孔剂制备的赤泥轻质保温砖试样性能较好。研究了成型压力对赤泥轻质保温砖性能的影响,结果表明,当成型压力为0.25MPa时,坯体内部孔结构无变形,混合料在成孔剂周围形成的基体比较致密,制得的试样抗压强度较高,导热系数较小。赤泥轻质保温砖的烧结制度试验中,研究了烧结温度、烧结保温时间、升温速率对试样性能的影响,结果表明,本试验条件下,当烧结温度为1110℃,烧结保温时间为4h,升温速率为3℃/min制得的试样性能较好。赤泥轻质陶粒制备试验中,研究了主要原料配比、发泡剂掺量、助熔剂掺量、升温速率分别对试样性能的影响,结果表明,当赤泥:粉煤灰:泥沙质量比为35:39:26,发泡剂掺量为6%,助熔剂掺量为5%,升温速率为20℃/min时,制得的试样性能较好,其表观密度为719kg/m3,堆积密度为513kg/m3,筒压强度为3.3MPa,吸水率为14.9%,各项性能均满足国标GB/T17431.1-1998普通轻集料陶粒的标准要求。
[Abstract]:The amount of red mud heap is increasing gradually, which not only occupies a lot of land resources, but also causes serious environmental pollution. The comprehensive utilization of red mud has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved. Aiming at the problems of complex physical and chemical properties and low cementitious activity of red mud, the red mud light thermal insulation brick and red mud lightweight ceramsite were prepared on the basis of testing and analyzing the basic characteristics of red mud. The related mechanism was discussed. The chemical composition, phase composition, microstructure and thermal properties of red mud were characterized by X-ray diffraction analyzer (SEM) and differential calorimetry (DTA). The results show that the main chemical composition of red mud is Sio _ 2, Fe _ 2O _ 3 and Al _ 2O _ 3, and the main phases are quartz, calcite, hematite, calcite, calcium ferrite, calcium yellow feldspar and so on. The physical and chemical properties of the main minerals in red mud are relatively stable. The effect of grinding time on the particle size of red mud was studied. The results showed that with the increase of grinding time, the margin of red mud sieve over 140mesh square sieve decreased first and then increased, and when the grinding time was 30min, Red mud through 140 mesh square sieve margin reached the minimum value. In the experiment of raw material proportion of red mud sintered brick, the effects of main raw material ratio, compound flux ratio and its content, pore-forming agent ratio on the properties of red mud light heat preservation brick were studied. The main raw material ratio of red mud sintered brick is red mud: silt: bentonite 5: 4: 1, the ratio of compound flux is sodium nitrate: borax: calcium fluoride 1: 3: 2, and the amount of compound flux is 4. The red mud lightweight insulating brick with 150g raw material mixed with 250ml polystyrene particles and 100ml expanded perlite as pore-forming agent has better properties. The effect of forming pressure on the properties of red mud lightweight insulating brick is studied. The results show that when the forming pressure is 0.25 MPA, the inner pore structure of the billet has no deformation, the matrix formed by the mixture around the pore-forming agent is relatively dense, and the compressive strength of the sample is higher. The thermal conductivity is small. The effects of sintering temperature, sintering time and heating rate on the properties of red mud light insulating brick were studied. The results showed that the sintering temperature was 1110 鈩，

本文编号：2032282