抗菌性混合基质反渗透膜的制备与研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 09:41

本文选题：改性氧化石墨烯 + 混合基质反渗透膜　；参考：《浙江工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：反渗透技术是高效、节能、应用最为广泛的海水淡化技术。目前,市场上占主导地位的商业反渗透膜是芳香聚酰胺反渗透膜。但是,膜生物污染问题增加了反渗透系统的操作运行成本,限制了反渗透膜的快速发展。因此,制备出具有抗菌性的反渗透膜显得尤为重要。以氧化石墨烯(GO)为抗菌纳米粒子改性反渗透膜已有报道。本研究用Hummers法制备GO并进一步通过改性氧化石墨烯(mGO)来制备抗菌材料。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)和透射电镜(TEM)来分别表征GO和mGO的特征官能团、特征峰、元素成分以及尺寸形态。mGO的FTIR和XPS结果显示对氨基苯酚和GO成功反应。在抗菌实验中以革兰氏阴性的大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌作为细菌模型,结果显示,当GO和mGO含量超过0.005wt%时,抗菌率均达到100%。并且在相同添加量浓度下,mGO的抗菌效果要比GO的抗菌效果好。实验中以GO和mGO作为水相添加剂,采用传统的界面聚合法制备抗菌性混合基质反渗透膜。用FTIR、扫描电镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)表征反渗透膜的形貌结构。SEM和AFM结果显示,GO反渗透膜和mGO反渗透复合膜和原始聚酰胺反渗透膜相比,功能层厚度和粗糙度均降低。在接触角测试中,GO和mGO的加入均提高了膜的亲水性能。在通量及截留率测试中,当GO添加浓度为0.005wt%(G4)和mGO添加浓度为0.003wt%(M3)时,通量较原始聚酰胺反渗透膜相比,分别提高了49.6%和24.5%,而截留率变化不大。本论文采用荧光显微镜观察法来计算膜的抗菌性能,结果表明:原始聚酰胺膜对于细菌没有明显的抑制作用,对于最佳分离参数的GO和mGO膜对大肠杆菌的抑菌率分别为90.64%和95.41%,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别为90.43%和83.41%。
[Abstract]:Reverse osmosis (RO) is an efficient, energy-saving and widely used seawater desalination technology. At present, the dominant commercial reverse osmosis membrane is aromatic polyamide reverse osmosis membrane. However, the problem of membrane biological contamination increases the operating cost of reverse osmosis system and limits the rapid development of reverse osmosis membrane. Therefore, the preparation of antimicrobial reverse osmosis membrane is particularly important. Using graphene oxide (go) as antimicrobial nanoparticles modified reverse osmosis membrane has been reported. In this study, go was prepared by Hummers method and antibacterial materials were prepared by modified graphene oxide (MGO). The characteristic functional groups and characteristic peaks of go and MGO were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The FTIR and XPS results of elemental composition and size form of .mGO showed that p-aminophenol and go reacted successfully. Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were used as the bacterial model in the antibacterial test. The results showed that when the contents of go and MGO exceeded 0.005 wt%, the antibacterial rate was 100%. The antimicrobial effect of MGO was better than that of go at the same concentration. In the experiment, go and MGO were used as water phase additives to prepare antimicrobial mixed matrix reverse osmosis membrane by traditional interfacial polymerization. FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the morphology and structure of reverse osmosis membrane. The results of SEM and AFM showed that the thickness and roughness of functional layer of reverse osmosis membrane and MGO reverse osmosis composite membrane were lower than those of original polyamide reverse osmosis membrane. The hydrophilicity of the membrane was improved by the addition of go and MGO in the contact angle test. In the flux and retention test, when go concentration was 0.005wt% (G4) and MGO concentration was 0.003wt% (M3), the flux increased by 49.6% and 24.5g / g, respectively, compared with the original polyamide reverse osmosis membrane, but the rejection rate did not change much. In this paper, fluorescence microscopy was used to calculate the antibacterial properties of the membrane. The results showed that the original polyamide membrane had no obvious inhibitory effect on bacteria. The bacteriostasis rates of go and MGO membranes against Escherichia coli were 90.64% and 95.41 respectively, and those against Staphylococcus aureus were 90.43% and 83.41%, respectively.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ051.893

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