典型软垫座椅材料燃烧及产烟特性研究
发布时间：2018-07-14 22:46
【摘要】：软垫座椅松软舒适、造型精美,在客车、办公室、家居、娱乐室等场所随处可见,但软垫座椅在为人们带来舒适与愉悦的同时,其易燃性与易发烟性也会带来较大的火灾风险。前人开展的相关研究中,关于软垫座椅材料在不同热环境下的燃烧与产烟特性比较欠缺。本文选择国内典型的软垫座椅填料与外覆面料材料,采用锥形量热仪燃烧实验与NBS烟密度箱实验分别对其制作成的软质聚氨酯泡沫/人造革、软质聚氨酯泡沫/化纤与软质聚氨酯泡沫/尼龙组合件进行燃烧特性与产烟特性研究。实验研究了热辐射功率对软垫座椅材料燃烧特性的影响,热厚型材料点燃模型更适用于3种组合件的受热过程,软质聚氨酯泡沫/人造革组合件的物理耐热性能较好,而软质聚氨酯泡沫/尼龙组合件的点燃时间和点燃临界热辐射功率较高;软质聚氨酯泡沫/人造革组合件样品在充分燃烧情况下的热释放速率曲线有2个增长峰,推测其分别是由人造革包覆层与软质聚氨酯泡沫填料的主要燃烧过程所致。而软质聚氨酯泡沫/化纤与软质聚氨酯泡沫/尼龙组合件样品的热释放速率曲线在不同热辐射下均只有1个增长峰;采用多参数耦合指标对材料进行火灾风险综合评价,不同情况下材料的燃烧危险性不同,应尽量考虑多方面因素对软垫座椅材料的燃烧危险性进行评价。实验研究了热辐射功率与有无引燃火焰对软垫座椅材料产烟特性的影响,25 kW/m~2热辐射功率下,引燃火焰对3种组合件样品的燃烧过程具有显著影响,引燃火焰会点燃样品,加快样品燃烧产烟过程,产烟总量降低;50 kW/m~2热辐射下,引燃火焰对样品的燃烧过程影响不大。
[Abstract]:Cushioned seats are soft and comfortable with exquisite shape. They can be seen everywhere in bus, office, home, entertainment room and so on. However, cushioned seats can bring people comfort and pleasure, but their flammability and smokiness will also bring greater fire risk. In previous studies, the combustion and smoke production characteristics of cushioned seat materials in different thermal environments are relatively deficient. In this paper, the typical domestic soft cushion seat fillers and outer fabric materials are selected, and the soft polyurethane foam / artificial leather made of the soft polyurethane foam / artificial leather is made by using the conical calorimeter combustion test and the NBS smoke density box experiment, respectively. The combustion and smoke production characteristics of soft polyurethane foam / chemical fiber and soft polyurethane foam / nylon assembly were studied. The effect of thermal radiation power on the combustion characteristics of cushioned seat material was studied experimentally. The heat thick material ignition model is more suitable for the heating process of three kinds of assemblies, and the physical heat resistance of soft polyurethane foam / artificial leather assembly is better. However, the ignition time and critical heat radiation power of soft polyurethane foam / nylon assembly were higher, and the heat release rate curve of soft polyurethane foam / leather assembly had two growth peaks under the condition of full combustion. It is inferred that it is caused by the main combustion process of leather coating and soft polyurethane foam filler respectively. However, the heat release rate curve of the samples of soft polyurethane foam / chemical fiber and soft polyurethane foam / nylon has only one growth peak under different thermal radiation. The combustion hazard of cushioned seat materials is different under different conditions. Many factors should be considered to evaluate the combustion risk of cushioned seat materials. The influence of heat radiation power and ignition flame on the smoke production characteristics of cushion seat material was studied experimentally. Under 25 kW / m ~ (2) thermal radiation power, the ignition flame had a significant effect on the combustion process of the three assembly samples, and the ignition flame would ignite the sample. The combustion process was accelerated and the total smoke production decreased by 50 kW / m ~ (2) heat radiation. The ignition flame had little effect on the combustion process of the sample.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS664.02;TQ038
本文编号：2123201
[Abstract]:Cushioned seats are soft and comfortable with exquisite shape. They can be seen everywhere in bus, office, home, entertainment room and so on. However, cushioned seats can bring people comfort and pleasure, but their flammability and smokiness will also bring greater fire risk. In previous studies, the combustion and smoke production characteristics of cushioned seat materials in different thermal environments are relatively deficient. In this paper, the typical domestic soft cushion seat fillers and outer fabric materials are selected, and the soft polyurethane foam / artificial leather made of the soft polyurethane foam / artificial leather is made by using the conical calorimeter combustion test and the NBS smoke density box experiment, respectively. The combustion and smoke production characteristics of soft polyurethane foam / chemical fiber and soft polyurethane foam / nylon assembly were studied. The effect of thermal radiation power on the combustion characteristics of cushioned seat material was studied experimentally. The heat thick material ignition model is more suitable for the heating process of three kinds of assemblies, and the physical heat resistance of soft polyurethane foam / artificial leather assembly is better. However, the ignition time and critical heat radiation power of soft polyurethane foam / nylon assembly were higher, and the heat release rate curve of soft polyurethane foam / leather assembly had two growth peaks under the condition of full combustion. It is inferred that it is caused by the main combustion process of leather coating and soft polyurethane foam filler respectively. However, the heat release rate curve of the samples of soft polyurethane foam / chemical fiber and soft polyurethane foam / nylon has only one growth peak under different thermal radiation. The combustion hazard of cushioned seat materials is different under different conditions. Many factors should be considered to evaluate the combustion risk of cushioned seat materials. The influence of heat radiation power and ignition flame on the smoke production characteristics of cushion seat material was studied experimentally. Under 25 kW / m ~ (2) thermal radiation power, the ignition flame had a significant effect on the combustion process of the three assembly samples, and the ignition flame would ignite the sample. The combustion process was accelerated and the total smoke production decreased by 50 kW / m ~ (2) heat radiation. The ignition flame had little effect on the combustion process of the sample.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS664.02;TQ038
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