具有分级结构的不同形貌的氧化镧的可控合成及性能研究
发布时间：2018-07-16 20:37
【摘要】：稀土纳米材料的合成是近年来研究的热点。其中,氧化镧是一种重要的稀土氧化物,其具有的光、电、磁、热、力学等优良性能,在陶瓷玻璃、石油化工、冶金工业、光催化及生物医学等领域都有着广阔的应用前景。许多不同形貌的氧化镧纳米材料的制备已经被陆续报道,例如纳米线、纳米棒、纳米管、球形等等。具有分级结构的氧化镧纳米材料是由更小的纳米颗粒、纳米纤维以及纳米片组装而成的,赋予氧化锎纳米材料更多的优点。近年来,氧化镧作为一种重要的稀土氧化物,在结构形貌控制和性能研究等方面都取得了一定的进展。本论文采用简单的尿素沉淀法制备了三种不同形貌的氧化镧纳米材料,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析仪(TG-DTA)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等分析了产物的组成结构,形貌及表面性能。并将制备的纳米氧化镧用于磷酸盐吸附、抑制细菌生长、以及光催化降解(以罗丹明B溶液为模拟污染物)的性能研究,并得出了一些有意义的结论,具体如下：(1)三种不同形貌氧化镧纳米材料的制备：采用尿素沉淀法制备了三种不同形貌的具有分级结构的纳米氧化镧(梭形、多面体、球形)。实验表明：反应物的浓度、反应温度以及冷却处理方式可以影响最终氧化镧的形貌。反应物浓度La(NO3)3:CO(NH2)2=1:2在90℃时得到了梭形氧化镧；La(NO3)3:CO(NH2)2=1:6在125℃时制备得到了多面体纳米氧化镧；La(NO3)3:CO(NH2)2=1:400在85℃时成功合成了具有分级结构的球形纳米氧化镧。(2)利用尿素沉淀法合成了三种不同形貌的纳米氧化镧,研究了其对磷酸盐的吸附能力、对细菌的抑制作用以及光催化降解的能力。实验结果表明：不同形貌的纳米氧化镧对磷酸盐都有一定的吸附能力；制备样品的颗粒越小,对磷酸盐的吸附能力越强。且不同形貌的纳米氧化镧能不同程度的抑制细菌的生长。
[Abstract]:The synthesis of rare earth nanomaterials is a hot topic in recent years. Among them, lanthanum oxide is an important rare earth oxide, which has many excellent properties, such as light, electricity, magnetism, heat, mechanics and so on. Lanthanum oxide has broad application prospect in ceramic glass, petrochemical industry, metallurgical industry, photocatalysis, biomedicine and so on. The preparation of lanthanum oxide nanomaterials with different morphology has been reported, such as nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, globes and so on. Lanthanum oxide nanomaterials with graded structure are assembled from smaller nanoparticles, nanofibers and nanochips, giving more advantages to californium oxide nanomaterials. In recent years, lanthanum oxide, as an important rare earth oxide, has made some progress in structure and morphology control and performance research. In this paper, three kinds of lanthanum oxide nanomaterials with different morphologies were prepared by simple urea precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG-DTA) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to analyze the structure, morphology and surface properties of the products. The prepared nanometer lanthanum oxide was used for phosphate adsorption, inhibition of bacterial growth and photocatalytic degradation (using Rhodamine B solution as a simulated pollutant), and some significant conclusions were obtained. The main results are as follows: (1) preparation of three kinds of lanthanum oxide nanomaterials with different morphology: three kinds of lanthanum oxide with different morphology (spindle polyhedron spherical) were prepared by urea precipitation method. The results show that the concentration of reactants, reaction temperature and cooling treatment can affect the morphology of the final lanthanum oxide. The polyhedron nanometer lanthanum oxide La (no _ 3) _ 3: CO (NH _ 2) _ 2: 1: 6 was prepared at 90 鈩，
本文编号：2127600
[Abstract]:The synthesis of rare earth nanomaterials is a hot topic in recent years. Among them, lanthanum oxide is an important rare earth oxide, which has many excellent properties, such as light, electricity, magnetism, heat, mechanics and so on. Lanthanum oxide has broad application prospect in ceramic glass, petrochemical industry, metallurgical industry, photocatalysis, biomedicine and so on. The preparation of lanthanum oxide nanomaterials with different morphology has been reported, such as nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, globes and so on. Lanthanum oxide nanomaterials with graded structure are assembled from smaller nanoparticles, nanofibers and nanochips, giving more advantages to californium oxide nanomaterials. In recent years, lanthanum oxide, as an important rare earth oxide, has made some progress in structure and morphology control and performance research. In this paper, three kinds of lanthanum oxide nanomaterials with different morphologies were prepared by simple urea precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG-DTA) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to analyze the structure, morphology and surface properties of the products. The prepared nanometer lanthanum oxide was used for phosphate adsorption, inhibition of bacterial growth and photocatalytic degradation (using Rhodamine B solution as a simulated pollutant), and some significant conclusions were obtained. The main results are as follows: (1) preparation of three kinds of lanthanum oxide nanomaterials with different morphology: three kinds of lanthanum oxide with different morphology (spindle polyhedron spherical) were prepared by urea precipitation method. The results show that the concentration of reactants, reaction temperature and cooling treatment can affect the morphology of the final lanthanum oxide. The polyhedron nanometer lanthanum oxide La (no _ 3) _ 3: CO (NH _ 2) _ 2: 1: 6 was prepared at 90 鈩，
本文编号：2127600
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