超重力环境下制备纳米金属薄膜的过程研究
发布时间：2018-07-21 13:58
【摘要】：这篇论文通过恒电流电沉积的方法,分别在氯铂酸和盐酸的水溶液、硫酸镍和硼酸的水溶液中电沉积金属铂膜和金属镍膜,讨论了超重力系数、电流密度、电沉积时间等对金属镀层表面形貌、晶体的结构和尺寸的影响。电沉积铂的实验结果表明,在常重力条件下,铂镀层枝状生长,加入超重力后镀层变为光滑平整的平面,随着超重力系数的增大,电沉积得到的镀层颗粒减小,这说明超重力可以加强铂的电沉积传质过程；随着电流密度的增加,镀层颗粒先变小,后变大,在超重力系数G=50和G=100时,镀层晶粒分别在电流密度3mA/cm和4mA/cm2时达到最小；随着电沉积时间的增加,镀层的颗粒变小,镀层表面更加均匀、平整、致密；加入盐酸有利于得到表面更加平整、致密的铂膜。电沉积镍的实验结果表明,超重力系数的增加使镀层表面更加趋于平整、致密和细化,并且在加入超重立场后,镀层的优势晶面发生变化,说明超重力场可以改变镀层的晶体结构；在电流密度较低时,镀层表面为光滑平面,且随着电流密度的增加,镀层表面变得更加致密,当电流密度超过5mA/cm2以后,表面开始出现颗粒状结构,且颗粒的大小随着电流密度的增加而增加,镀层变为以(111)面为优势晶面的镍膜,说明电流密度可以改变电沉积镍镀层的晶体结构；不含硼酸的电解液无法电沉积得到镍的镀层,可见硼酸对电沉积镍膜有非常重要的作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, platinum film and nickel film were electrodeposited in aqueous solution of chloroplatinic acid and hydrochloric acid, nickel sulfate and boric acid by means of constant current electrodeposition. The supergravity coefficient and current density were discussed. The effect of electrodeposition time on the surface morphology, crystal structure and size of the metal coating. The experimental results of electrodeposition of platinum show that under constant gravity conditions, the dendritic growth of platinum coating becomes a smooth and flat plane with the addition of hypergravity, and with the increase of the supergravity coefficient, the particles obtained by electrodeposition decrease. The results show that supergravity can enhance the mass transfer process of platinum electrodeposition, and with the increase of current density, the coating particles first become smaller, then become larger, and when the supergravity coefficient G ~ (50) and G = 100, the coating grain reaches the minimum at current density 3mA/cm and 4mA/cm2, respectively. With the increase of electrodeposition time, the particles of the coating become smaller, the surface of the coating is more uniform, smooth and dense, and the addition of hydrochloric acid is conducive to the formation of a more smooth and dense platinum film. The experimental results of electrodeposition nickel show that with the increase of the supergravity coefficient, the surface of the coating tends to be more flat, compact and refined, and the dominant crystal surface of the coating changes after the overweight position is added. The results show that the crystal structure of the coating can be changed by super gravity field, the surface of the coating is smooth plane when the current density is low, and the coating surface becomes denser with the increase of current density, and when the current density exceeds 5mA/cm2, the coating surface becomes more compact. The grain structure began to appear on the surface and the particle size increased with the increase of the current density. The coating became a nickel film with (111) plane as the dominant crystal plane, which indicated that the current density could change the crystal structure of the electrodeposited nickel coating. Nickel coating can not be obtained by electrodeposition in electrolyte without boric acid, which shows that boric acid plays a very important role in electrodeposition of nickel film.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ153;TB383.2
本文编号：2135752
[Abstract]:In this paper, platinum film and nickel film were electrodeposited in aqueous solution of chloroplatinic acid and hydrochloric acid, nickel sulfate and boric acid by means of constant current electrodeposition. The supergravity coefficient and current density were discussed. The effect of electrodeposition time on the surface morphology, crystal structure and size of the metal coating. The experimental results of electrodeposition of platinum show that under constant gravity conditions, the dendritic growth of platinum coating becomes a smooth and flat plane with the addition of hypergravity, and with the increase of the supergravity coefficient, the particles obtained by electrodeposition decrease. The results show that supergravity can enhance the mass transfer process of platinum electrodeposition, and with the increase of current density, the coating particles first become smaller, then become larger, and when the supergravity coefficient G ~ (50) and G = 100, the coating grain reaches the minimum at current density 3mA/cm and 4mA/cm2, respectively. With the increase of electrodeposition time, the particles of the coating become smaller, the surface of the coating is more uniform, smooth and dense, and the addition of hydrochloric acid is conducive to the formation of a more smooth and dense platinum film. The experimental results of electrodeposition nickel show that with the increase of the supergravity coefficient, the surface of the coating tends to be more flat, compact and refined, and the dominant crystal surface of the coating changes after the overweight position is added. The results show that the crystal structure of the coating can be changed by super gravity field, the surface of the coating is smooth plane when the current density is low, and the coating surface becomes denser with the increase of current density, and when the current density exceeds 5mA/cm2, the coating surface becomes more compact. The grain structure began to appear on the surface and the particle size increased with the increase of the current density. The coating became a nickel film with (111) plane as the dominant crystal plane, which indicated that the current density could change the crystal structure of the electrodeposited nickel coating. Nickel coating can not be obtained by electrodeposition in electrolyte without boric acid, which shows that boric acid plays a very important role in electrodeposition of nickel film.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ153;TB383.2
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 ;Effects of gravity on the electrodeposition and characterization of nickel foils[J];International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials;2011年01期
2 邢海青;郭占成;王志;王明涌;;超重力场中水溶液的电化学反应特性[J];高等学校化学学报;2007年09期
3 肖世新,陈建铭,郭锴,陈建峰,郭奋;反应沉淀法制备碳酸钡纳米粉体的研究[J];无机盐工业;2001年05期
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