膜处理造纸厂外排水回用的研究

发布时间：2018-09-04 08:12

【摘要】：制浆造纸废水的回用具有重大意义,但是回用造纸废水的过程中遇到的回用水水质不达标、回用水的供给不稳定、回用价格昂贵等问题成为制约造纸废水回用的重要问题。本论文以膜处理技术为核心,探索该技术处理造纸厂外排水回用的可行性与经济性,为造纸厂回用外排水提供一条新道路。首先,以膜技术为根本,设计并且组装了一个小型的废水回用的工作站,工作站由多介质过滤处理段、精密过滤处理段、超滤过滤处理段、反渗透过滤处理段组成,多介质过滤段可除去水中的固体悬浮物、余氯以及部分COD;精密过滤器可以过滤掉多介质过滤器未能除去的大于5μm的悬浮颗粒;超滤膜的过滤精度为0.02-0.2μm,可过滤掉多糖、蛋白质、病毒等;反渗透过滤段可以除去水中的离子,使回用水达到造纸厂的回用要求。其次,用自来水以及药品配水模拟造纸厂外排水,并通过该工作站处理。分别探索工作站连续工作的稳定性、工作站对废水电导率的处理效果、工作站对废水COD的处理效果以及工作站的最佳运行条件。经过测试得出:(1)工作站运行稳定,连续工作24h其出水量、出水水质均符合造纸厂用水的要求,但是24h后需要对设备进行物理清洗。(2)工作站对废水中的离子去除率达到96%以上,并且相对稳定没有明显波动。(3)模拟造纸厂外排水的指标,分别用COD为212mg/L、236mg/L、224mg/L的废水通过工作站,检测其COD的去除率分别达到94.33%、96.61%、96.42%。(4)温度和反渗透膜的压力是影响工作站运行的主要参数,经过实验测定,工作站的最佳使用温度为22-25℃,反渗透膜的最佳工作压力为0.65MPa。最后,对工厂采用该工作站处理废水的成本做出预算。经过计算,工厂使用该工作站每吨水的成本大约为3.58元,并且随着工作站规模的扩大每吨水的成本会降低。
[Abstract]:The reuse of pulping and papermaking wastewater is of great significance, but the problems encountered in the process of reusing papermaking wastewater are not up to standard, the supply of recycled water is unstable, and the price of reuse is expensive, which has become an important problem restricting the reuse of papermaking wastewater. In this paper, the technology of membrane treatment is taken as the core to explore the feasibility and economy of this technology in treating the external drainage of paper mills, which provides a new way for the reuse of external drainage in paper mills. First of all, based on membrane technology, a small workstation for wastewater reuse is designed and assembled. The workstation consists of multi-media filter treatment section, precision filter treatment section, ultrafiltration treatment section, reverse osmosis filter treatment section. The solid suspensions in water can be removed by the multi-medium filtration section, the residual chlorine and some COD; precision filters can filter the suspended particles over 5 渭 m which cannot be removed by the multi-medium filter, and the filtration accuracy of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.02-0.2 渭 m, which can filter out the polysaccharides and proteins. The reverse osmosis filter section can remove the ions in the water and make the recycled water meet the reuse requirements of the paper mill. Secondly, the external drainage of paper mill is simulated with tap water and drug distribution water, and treated by the workstation. The stability of the workstation in continuous operation, the effect of the workstation on the treatment of the conductivity of wastewater, the treatment effect of the workstation on the wastewater COD and the optimum operating conditions of the workstation were explored respectively. The test results show that: (1) the workstation runs stably, its output quantity and effluent quality meet the requirements of paper mill water for 24 hours, but the equipment needs to be physically cleaned after 24 hours. (2) the removal rate of ion in wastewater by workstation is over 96%. And there was no obvious fluctuation in relative stability. (3) the indexes of simulating the external drainage of paper mills were simulated. The waste water with COD of 212mg / L or 236mg / L or 224mg / L was used through the workstation, and the removal rate of COD reached 94.33mg / L 96.61g / L 96.42.4. (4) temperature and pressure of reverse osmosis membrane were the main parameters affecting the operation of workstation. The optimum operating temperature of workstation and reverse osmosis membrane are 22-25 鈩，

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