多聚硅酸钾基灌注型防火玻璃的制备及其性能研究
发布时间：2018-09-08 12:57
【摘要】：灌注型防火玻璃凭借其优异的耐火隔热性能受到人们越来越多的关注。传统的灌注型防火玻璃其夹层胶主要为聚丙烯酰胺基,但由于聚丙烯酰胺为有机聚合物,其耐紫外线性能和耐火性能较差。本实验选用硅溶胶(Silica sol)来替代聚丙烯酰胺而获得性能优异的多聚硅酸钾基灌注型防火玻璃。硅溶胶在使用过程中易团聚,本实验首先选用一种表面活性剂来分散硅溶胶,获得分散性能优良的硅溶胶,然后利用正交实验得到优化的配方以及固化工艺条件。最后选取高效的耐火隔热助剂旨在提高防火玻璃的耐火隔热性能,最终得到耐火性能优良的多聚硅酸钾基灌注型防火玻璃。本实验选取硅酸钠(Na_2SiO_3)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、水溶性硅油(SM-601)分别改善硅溶胶的分散性,并通过粒径测试、Zeta电位和离心实验来选取效果最佳的分散剂,通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征其分散状态;然后将分散液用KOH溶液固化,利用正交实验得到最佳的固化配方和工艺条件,利用可见光透反射率测试仪、耐辐照箱和改装马弗炉测试防火玻璃综合性能,并通过热重分析仪(TG)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和扫描电镜(SEM)对夹层胶热力学行为和形貌进行分析和观察。结果表明:(1)SM-601的分散效果最佳,Silica sol-SM的粒径为53.6nm,其Zeta电位达到93mV,离心20min后无明显分层现象出现,其分散状态良好,团聚现象得到明显改善;(2)通过实验得出硅溶胶的胶凝时间以及透光率受KOH浓度、分散剂浓度和固化温度共同影响,通过设计正交实验,得出80℃为硅溶胶最佳固化温度,水溶性硅油含量在3%最宜,SiO_2与KOH的摩尔含量比例在1.8~2.2范围内硅溶胶凝胶条件最佳;(3)当SiO_2与KOH的摩尔分数比为2:1时,防火玻璃的透光率达到86.6%,紫外线照射后透光率变化为5.8%,且防火玻璃气泡较少。通过耐火性测试,在本实验条件下,当以生成的多聚硅酸钾基凝胶作夹层时,耐火时间约为50min,而夹层胶组分为聚丙烯酰胺基时,试样耐火时间约为20min;残渣的微观形貌表明多聚硅酸钾基凝胶遇火时膨胀并形成多孔的结构,并且伴随的吸热降温能保证多聚硅酸钾基凝胶遇火时起一个良好的热力学屏障作用。(4)硼砂的加入能够提高多聚硅酸钾基灌注型防火玻璃的耐火性,并且随着硼砂含量增加,防火玻璃耐火性升高,在本实验条件下,当硼砂的添加量为0.45%时,相应的耐火时间可以达到72min,因而硼砂能够促进多聚硅酸盐分子之间的交联,从而提高防火玻璃的耐火性能。
[Abstract]:The cast-in-place fire-proof glass has attracted more and more attention because of its excellent fire-resistant and thermal insulation properties. The interlayer adhesive of traditional fireproof glass is mainly polyacrylamide group, but the UV resistance and fire resistance of polyacrylamide are poor because polyacrylamide is an organic polymer. In this experiment, silica sol (Silica sol) was used to replace polyacrylamide to obtain poly-potassium silicate perfusion glass. The silica sol is easy to agglomerate in the process of use. In this experiment, a surfactant was first used to disperse the silica sol to obtain the silica sol with good dispersion performance, and then the optimized formula and curing process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment. Finally, the high efficiency fire insulation additive is selected to improve the fire insulation performance of fire proof glass, and finally the fire resistant glass based on poly-potassium silicate is obtained. In this experiment, sodium silicate (Na_2SiO_3) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS),) water-soluble silicone oil (SM-601) were selected to improve the dispersion of silica sol, and the best dispersant was selected by particle size test and centrifugation test. The dispersion state was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) (TEM), then the dispersion was solidified by KOH solution, the optimum curing formula and process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment, and the visible light transmittance reflectance tester was used. The comprehensive properties of fire-proof glass were tested in irradiating box and modified muffle furnace. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG),) differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze and observe the thermodynamic behavior and morphology of sandwich adhesive. The results showed that: (1) the best dispersing effect of SM-601 was 53.6 nm, and its Zeta potential was 93 MV. There was no obvious delamination after centrifugation of 20min, and the dispersion state was good. (2) the gelation time and transmittance of silica sol were influenced by KOH concentration, dispersant concentration and curing temperature. By designing orthogonal experiment, the optimum curing temperature of silica sol was obtained at 80 鈩，
本文编号：2230591
[Abstract]:The cast-in-place fire-proof glass has attracted more and more attention because of its excellent fire-resistant and thermal insulation properties. The interlayer adhesive of traditional fireproof glass is mainly polyacrylamide group, but the UV resistance and fire resistance of polyacrylamide are poor because polyacrylamide is an organic polymer. In this experiment, silica sol (Silica sol) was used to replace polyacrylamide to obtain poly-potassium silicate perfusion glass. The silica sol is easy to agglomerate in the process of use. In this experiment, a surfactant was first used to disperse the silica sol to obtain the silica sol with good dispersion performance, and then the optimized formula and curing process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment. Finally, the high efficiency fire insulation additive is selected to improve the fire insulation performance of fire proof glass, and finally the fire resistant glass based on poly-potassium silicate is obtained. In this experiment, sodium silicate (Na_2SiO_3) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS),) water-soluble silicone oil (SM-601) were selected to improve the dispersion of silica sol, and the best dispersant was selected by particle size test and centrifugation test. The dispersion state was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) (TEM), then the dispersion was solidified by KOH solution, the optimum curing formula and process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment, and the visible light transmittance reflectance tester was used. The comprehensive properties of fire-proof glass were tested in irradiating box and modified muffle furnace. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG),) differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze and observe the thermodynamic behavior and morphology of sandwich adhesive. The results showed that: (1) the best dispersing effect of SM-601 was 53.6 nm, and its Zeta potential was 93 MV. There was no obvious delamination after centrifugation of 20min, and the dispersion state was good. (2) the gelation time and transmittance of silica sol were influenced by KOH concentration, dispersant concentration and curing temperature. By designing orthogonal experiment, the optimum curing temperature of silica sol was obtained at 80 鈩，
本文编号：2230591
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