过渡金属硫属化合物纳米材料的制备及其电催化析氢性能研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 09:05

【摘要】：氢气被认为是未来最重要的绿色清洁能源之一,可以为电子设备、交通工具以及房屋等提供能量,因而备受人们关注。尽管氢元素是地球上含量最丰富的元素,但并不是以游离的H2分子形式存在,因此发展有效且可持续的产氢气技术是推动氢能发展的重要研究内容。电分解水制氢是一条直接且有效的获得H2的方法,但该方法的实际应用需要一个高效的催化剂来降低电解水过程析氢反应(HER)较大的过电势。过渡金属硫化物,因其具有的电催化析氢性能而广受关注。近年来,MoS2、CoS2等多种展现出良好电催化析氢性能的硫化物纳米材料被研究、报导。因此,本论文的工作正是围绕制备具有电催化析氢活性的过渡金属硫属化合物纳米材料而开展的,主要内容概括如下:(1)在无需添加任何表面活性剂和模板的情况下,以钼酸钠(Na2Mo O4?2H2O)、巯基乙酸(TGA)为钼源和硫源,通过简单的一步水热法,合成出具有新颖一维分级结构的MoS2纳米材料。详细探讨了其一维分级结构的形成原因,研究了其在酸性溶液中的电催化析氢性能。(2)基于前期工作,为了进一步提高MoS2纳米材料的电催化析氢性能,通过简单的水热反应将MoS2成功地生长在碳布(Carbon Cloth,CC)表面,制备出MoS2/CC复合材料。MoS2/CC复合材料不仅暴露出更多的MoS2对析氢反应的催化活性位点,而且还提高了析氢反应过程的电子传输速率,从而有效的增强了材料在酸性溶液中的电催化析氢性能。(3)以泡沫镍为基底,通过先在泡沫镍(Ni Foam,NF)上生长含Co元素的前驱体,后进一步硫化前驱体的两步水热法,成功地合成出纳米空心管Co4S3@NF复合材料。详细研究了该材料在碱性电解液中电催化析氢性能。(4)以硒粉和泡沫铜(Cu Foam,CF)为反应物,采用简单的一步水热法,制备出Cu2-XSe@CF纳米复合材料。探究了影响Cu2-XSe@CF形貌的因素,研究材料在酸性溶液下的电催化析氢性能。
[Abstract]:Hydrogen is considered to be one of the most important green clean energy sources in the future, which can provide energy for electronic equipment, transportation and housing. Although hydrogen is the most abundant element on the earth, it does not exist in the form of free H2 molecule. Therefore, the development of effective and sustainable hydrogen production technology is an important research content to promote the development of hydrogen energy. Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is a direct and effective method to obtain H2. However, the practical application of this method needs a high efficiency catalyst to reduce the (HER) overpotential of hydrogen evolution in the process of electrolysis. Transition metal sulfides have attracted much attention because of their electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties. In recent years, a variety of sulfide nanomaterials, such as MoS _ 2 and CoS _ 2, which exhibit good electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties, have been studied and reported. Therefore, the work of this thesis is focused on the preparation of transition metal sulfur compounds nanomaterials with electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. The main contents are summarized as follows: (1) without adding any surfactants and templates, Using sodium molybdate (Na2Mo O4?2H2O) and mercaptoacetate (TGA) as molybdenum and sulfur sources, a novel one-dimensional MoS2 nano-material was synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The formation of one-dimensional structure was discussed in detail, and the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution in acidic solution was studied. (2) based on the previous work, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution of MoS2 nanomaterials was further improved. MoS2 was successfully grown on the surface of carbon cloth (Carbon Cloth,CC) by simple hydrothermal reaction, and the MoS2/CC composite 路MoS _ 2 / CC composite not only exposed more active sites of MoS2 for hydrogen evolution reaction, but also showed that MOS _ 2 / CC composite could not only reveal the catalytic activity sites of MoS2 for hydrogen evolution reaction. In addition, the electron transport rate of hydrogen evolution reaction process was improved, which effectively enhanced the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of the materials in acidic solution. (3) the precursor containing Co elements was grown on the nickel foam substrate by first growing on the foamed nickel (Ni Foam,NF). The hollow nanotube Co4S3@NF composites were successfully synthesized by two step hydrothermal method. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties of this material in alkaline electrolyte were studied in detail. (4) Cu2-XSe@CF nanocomposites were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method using selenium powder and copper foam (Cu Foam,CF) as reactants. The factors affecting the morphology of Cu2-XSe@CF and the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties of the materials in acid solution were investigated.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1;TQ116.2

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