光催化水处理消毒的原理、材料和反应器

发布时间：2018-10-13 13:30

【摘要】：传统的水处理消毒技术使用含氯消毒剂和臭氧等化学品,容易产生有毒的副产物。紫外线消毒技术不使用化学试剂且不产生副产物,因此得到广泛应用。但是紫外线仅破坏致病微生物的遗传物质,阻断其繁殖,一些致病微生物能够修复紫外损伤恢复活性。光催化过程产生的羟基自由基不但能氧化分解DNA,还能破坏细胞膜并氧化流出的胞内物质,进而能彻底杀死微生物。由于紫外光和自由基同时参与灭菌,灭活速度也比紫外消毒快,因此具有较好的应用前景。本文综述了光催化产生的各种氧化性自由基的消毒原理,介绍了光催化剂分别与金属颗粒、纳米碳材料和微生物适配子构成的复合光催化消毒材料,在此基础上总结了薄膜反应器、固定床反应器和膜分离反应器在光催化消毒领域的研究进展。
[Abstract]:Traditional water treatment and disinfection technologies use chlorine disinfectants and ozone chemicals to produce toxic by-products. Ultraviolet disinfection technology is widely used because it does not use chemical reagents and produce no by-products. However, UV only destroys the genetic material of pathogenic microorganisms and blocks their reproduction, and some pathogenic microorganisms can repair the UV damage and restore their activity. The hydroxyl radical produced by photocatalytic process can not only oxidize and decompose DNA, but also destroy the cell membrane and oxidize the extracellular substance, which can kill the microorganism completely. Because ultraviolet light and free radical are involved in sterilization, the inactivation rate is faster than that of ultraviolet disinfection, so it has a good prospect of application. In this paper, the disinfection principles of various oxidizing free radicals produced by photocatalysis are reviewed, and the composite photocatalytic disinfection materials composed of metal particles, nano-carbon materials and microbial adaptors are introduced. The research progress of membrane reactor, fixed bed reactor and membrane separation reactor in the field of photocatalytic disinfection was summarized.
【作者单位】：大连理工大学环境学院工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21377020)资助~~
【分类号】：O643.3;O644.1;TQ085.4

【相似文献】