废弃卷式聚酰胺反渗透膜元件的再生及运行性能研究
发布时间：2018-10-30 16:52
【摘要】：众所周知,我们的生活离不开淡水,然而地球上的淡水资源严重匮乏,如何开发、保护淡水资源为人类的生存、发展提供足够的清洁用水是目前全世界最棘手也是最迫切的问题之一。当下,反渗透处理水的技术应用广泛,遍及全世界,而且发展迅速,技术成熟。反渗透技术的不断发展拓宽了反渗透市场,随着市场的扩大,每年都有数以万计的反渗透膜被淘汰,被废弃,这样就造成了不小的环境污染,而且还浪费了资源。因此,各国各界都在积极寻找能够使废弃反渗透膜变废为宝的方法,致力于对废弃反渗透膜再利用的研究,旨在控制废弃反渗透膜的数目,减小对环境的污染并降低水处理成本,达到资源的循环再利用的目标。经过各界专家、研究者的潜心研究,目前已经研究出了一些废弃反渗透膜再生的方法。Fibiger等采用在聚酰胺类反渗透膜表面涂覆含羧基的水溶性聚合物方法,来提高废弃反渗透膜的脱盐率。JoseM.Veza用一定浓度的KMnO_4溶液对反渗透膜的表面进行氧化处理,得到的再生膜总分离效率达到97%。李宝光等采用化学清洗和NaClO溶液氧化结合的方法来对废弃的聚酰胺反渗透膜进行再生,再生膜体现了良好的脱盐性能。浙江大学的俞三传教授等人用含胺溶液对膜元件进行改性处理,经过处理后的膜有一定的分离性能。辛永光等先对废弃的膜元件用特定氧化剂氧化,再用含胺溶液循环浸泡,得到的再生膜具有过滤膜的性能,且再生膜的寿命更长,并设计了一套对废弃反渗透膜进行清洗和改性再生的工艺和装置,而且有望推进市场。本课题在前人研究的基础上,借鉴他们的一些方法,对废弃的卷式聚酰胺反渗透膜元件进行再生研究。本课题通过对废弃的卷式聚酰胺反渗透膜元件进行清洗测试、表面改性,使其实现过滤膜的功能,以低成本的废弃膜代替成本高昂的过滤膜,减少了废弃反渗透膜的数量,并减小环境的污染和降低水处理成本,不仅在经济上有较高效益,而且同时实现了废弃物资源的再生利用。从实验结果上看,NaClO溶液氧化后的膜元件具有更好的脱盐和透水性能,且氧化时间短,因此选择NaClO溶液作为最佳氧化药剂。本实验选择NaClO溶液对反渗透膜的最佳氧化工艺参数为:浓度0.4%,时间60min,温度30℃。通过运行参数对膜性能的影响分析实验可知,进水的盐浓度在200~2000mg/L的区间之内,脱盐率降低了11.22%,进水压力增加了0.02MPa;膜通量在5~35L/(m2·h)的范围之内,脱盐率升高了10.79%,进水压力增加了0.16MPa;回收率在8~35%的范围之内,脱盐率降低了7.54%,进水压力增加了0.15MPa;温度在15~35℃的范围之内,脱盐率仅降低了3.95%,进水压力下降了0.02MPa。运行参数的变化对脱盐率的影响从大到小依次为盐浓度,膜通量,回收率,温度;运行参数的变化对进水压力的影响从大到小依次为膜通量,回收率,盐浓度,温度。其中盐浓度和温度对进水压力的影响相等,盐浓越高进水压力就越高,而温度越高进水压力反而越低。
[Abstract]:It is well known that our lives cannot be separated from fresh water, yet fresh water resources on the earth are severely deficient, how to develop and protect freshwater resources for the survival and development of human beings is one of the most difficult and pressing problems in the world at present. At present, the technology of reverse osmosis treatment water is widely applied to the world, and the development is rapid and the technology is mature. The continuous development of reverse osmosis technology has broadened the reverse osmosis market. With the expansion of the market, tens of thousands of reverse osmosis membranes are eliminated every year, which is discarded, which causes great environmental pollution and wastes resources. Therefore, all circles in all walks of life actively seek a method capable of changing waste reverse osmosis membrane into valuable, aiming at controlling the reuse of waste reverse osmosis membrane, aiming at controlling the number of waste reverse osmosis membranes, reducing environmental pollution and reducing water treatment cost, the goal of recycling resources is achieved. Through the research of experts and researchers from all walks of life, some methods for regeneration of waste reverse osmosis membranes have been studied. Fiber-based reverse osmosis membrane surface is used to coat water-soluble polymer with water-soluble salt to improve the desalination rate of waste reverse osmosis membrane. JosemeM. Veza treated the surface of reverse osmosis membrane with a certain concentration of KMnO _ 4 solution, and the total separation efficiency of regenerated membrane reached 97%. Li Bao's light and the like adopt chemical cleaning and NaClO solution to oxidize and combine to regenerate the abandoned reverse osmosis membrane, and the regeneration membrane shows good desalting performance. The membrane element was modified with amine-containing solution, and the treated membrane had a certain separation performance. the invention relates to a process and a device for cleaning and modifying a waste reverse osmosis membrane, And it is expected to advance the market. On the basis of the previous researches, this paper studies the regeneration of abandoned roll-type reverse osmosis membrane elements by using some of their methods. The object of the invention is to carry out cleaning test and surface modification on the discarded coiled membrane type reverse osmosis membrane element so as to realize the function of filtering membrane, replace the high-cost filter membrane with low-cost waste membrane, reduce the quantity of waste reverse osmosis membrane, and simultaneously realizes the regeneration and utilization of waste resources. From the experimental results, NaClO solution has better desalting and water permeability, and the oxidation time is short, so NaClO solution is chosen as the best oxidizing agent. The optimum oxidation process parameters of NaClO solution to reverse osmosis membrane were: concentration 0.4%, time 60min, temperature 30 鈩，
本文编号：2300593
[Abstract]:It is well known that our lives cannot be separated from fresh water, yet fresh water resources on the earth are severely deficient, how to develop and protect freshwater resources for the survival and development of human beings is one of the most difficult and pressing problems in the world at present. At present, the technology of reverse osmosis treatment water is widely applied to the world, and the development is rapid and the technology is mature. The continuous development of reverse osmosis technology has broadened the reverse osmosis market. With the expansion of the market, tens of thousands of reverse osmosis membranes are eliminated every year, which is discarded, which causes great environmental pollution and wastes resources. Therefore, all circles in all walks of life actively seek a method capable of changing waste reverse osmosis membrane into valuable, aiming at controlling the reuse of waste reverse osmosis membrane, aiming at controlling the number of waste reverse osmosis membranes, reducing environmental pollution and reducing water treatment cost, the goal of recycling resources is achieved. Through the research of experts and researchers from all walks of life, some methods for regeneration of waste reverse osmosis membranes have been studied. Fiber-based reverse osmosis membrane surface is used to coat water-soluble polymer with water-soluble salt to improve the desalination rate of waste reverse osmosis membrane. JosemeM. Veza treated the surface of reverse osmosis membrane with a certain concentration of KMnO _ 4 solution, and the total separation efficiency of regenerated membrane reached 97%. Li Bao's light and the like adopt chemical cleaning and NaClO solution to oxidize and combine to regenerate the abandoned reverse osmosis membrane, and the regeneration membrane shows good desalting performance. The membrane element was modified with amine-containing solution, and the treated membrane had a certain separation performance. the invention relates to a process and a device for cleaning and modifying a waste reverse osmosis membrane, And it is expected to advance the market. On the basis of the previous researches, this paper studies the regeneration of abandoned roll-type reverse osmosis membrane elements by using some of their methods. The object of the invention is to carry out cleaning test and surface modification on the discarded coiled membrane type reverse osmosis membrane element so as to realize the function of filtering membrane, replace the high-cost filter membrane with low-cost waste membrane, reduce the quantity of waste reverse osmosis membrane, and simultaneously realizes the regeneration and utilization of waste resources. From the experimental results, NaClO solution has better desalting and water permeability, and the oxidation time is short, so NaClO solution is chosen as the best oxidizing agent. The optimum oxidation process parameters of NaClO solution to reverse osmosis membrane were: concentration 0.4%, time 60min, temperature 30 鈩，
本文编号：2300593
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