有机膜材料的改性及其在油水分离中的应用
发布时间：2018-11-10 07:52
【摘要】：含油废水作为一种常见的污染源,其对环境保护和生态平衡危害极大,因此含油废水的油水分离十分重要。与传统的分离技术相比膜分离技术具有应用范围广、针对性强等优点,已被广泛应用于实际生产中。但是常见的亲水性超滤膜在使用过程中往往存在分离性能有限抗污染性能差的缺点,因此本文采用原子转移自由基聚合方法(ATRP)合成链段长度可控的亲水性改性聚合物F127-b-PHEMA,并利用浸没沉淀相转化法制备F127/PES超滤膜和F127-b-PHEMA/PES亲水改性超滤膜以提高分离及抗污染性能。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)以F127(PEO100-PP065-PEO100)为添加剂、DMAC(二甲基乙酰胺)为溶剂与PES(聚醚砜)共混,随着两性共聚物F127加入量的增多,铸膜液的粘度增加,成膜更容易,制成的F127/PES膜的接触角下降,亲水性增强,且分离性能和抗污染性能均有所提升。通过对F127/PES膜分离性能和抗污染性能的研究,确定制备F127/PES共混超滤膜的最佳工艺参数为:PES/DMAC质量配比15%、F127含量2%、搅拌时间24h、搅拌温度40℃、凝固浴温度20℃,所制得的F127/PES膜表面光滑,形成的膜孔分布均匀,孔隙率由未改性膜的76.5%提升为82.7%,接触角由83.42°降为72.25°,纯水通量由未改性膜的75.L/m2·h提高至106.5 L/m2·h,油水通量由35.6 L/m2·h提升为47.3 L/m2·h,通量恢复率由51.3%提升为77.8%。(2)采用ATRP方法以F127与HEMA(甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)合成链段长度可控的亲水性改性聚合物F127-b-PHEMA,并以此为添加剂制备F127-b-PHEMA/PES膜,随着改性物质F127-b-PHEMA加入量的增多,所制备膜的接触角、亲水性、分离性能抗污染性能和机械性能均大幅提升。但当添加剂含量过多时,膜表面孔径过大,致使油滴进入膜孔堵塞孔道,造成分离性能和恢复率的下降。总的来说,F127-b-PHEMA的含量为3%时,孔隙率增大为90.4%、接触角为62.14°、纯水通量达139.6L/m2·h、油水通量为78.1L/m2·h、通量恢复率为89.4%、膜的拉伸强度达到了 80.2%,其性能指标均较F127/PES有所提升,适宜应用于含油废水的膜分离。
[Abstract]:As a common source of pollution, oily wastewater has great harm to environmental protection and ecological balance, so it is very important to separate oil and water from oily wastewater. Compared with the traditional separation technology, membrane separation technology has been widely used in practical production because of its wide application range and strong pertinence. However, the common hydrophilic ultrafiltration membranes often have the disadvantages of poor separation performance and poor antifouling performance. In this paper, a novel hydrophilic modified polymer, F127-b-PHEMA, was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). F127/PES ultrafiltration membrane and F127-b-PHEMA/PES hydrophilic modified ultrafiltration membrane were prepared by immersion precipitation phase inversion method to improve separation and anti-pollution performance. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the blend of, DMAC (dimethyl acetamide with F127 (PEO100-PP065-PEO100) as solvent and PES (polyethersulfone). With the increase of the amount of amphoteric copolymer F127, the viscosity of casting solution increases. It is easier to form film, the contact angle of the F127/PES membrane is decreased, the hydrophilicity is enhanced, and the separation performance and anti-pollution performance are improved. Through the study of the separation and antifouling properties of F127/PES membrane, the optimum technological parameters for preparing F127/PES blend ultrafiltration membrane were determined as follows: the mass ratio of PES/DMAC 15% F127 2, stirring time 24 h, stirring temperature 40 鈩，
本文编号：2321851
[Abstract]:As a common source of pollution, oily wastewater has great harm to environmental protection and ecological balance, so it is very important to separate oil and water from oily wastewater. Compared with the traditional separation technology, membrane separation technology has been widely used in practical production because of its wide application range and strong pertinence. However, the common hydrophilic ultrafiltration membranes often have the disadvantages of poor separation performance and poor antifouling performance. In this paper, a novel hydrophilic modified polymer, F127-b-PHEMA, was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). F127/PES ultrafiltration membrane and F127-b-PHEMA/PES hydrophilic modified ultrafiltration membrane were prepared by immersion precipitation phase inversion method to improve separation and anti-pollution performance. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the blend of, DMAC (dimethyl acetamide with F127 (PEO100-PP065-PEO100) as solvent and PES (polyethersulfone). With the increase of the amount of amphoteric copolymer F127, the viscosity of casting solution increases. It is easier to form film, the contact angle of the F127/PES membrane is decreased, the hydrophilicity is enhanced, and the separation performance and anti-pollution performance are improved. Through the study of the separation and antifouling properties of F127/PES membrane, the optimum technological parameters for preparing F127/PES blend ultrafiltration membrane were determined as follows: the mass ratio of PES/DMAC 15% F127 2, stirring time 24 h, stirring temperature 40 鈩，
本文编号：2321851
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