羊毛角蛋白的提取及其应用
发布时间:2018-01-10 07:15
本文关键词:羊毛角蛋白的提取及其应用 出处:《东华大学》2012年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
更多相关文章: 角蛋白 羊毛 氧化还原法 防毡缩 复合生物膜
【摘要】:我国羊毛资源丰富,是毛纺业大国,每年都有大量羊毛纤维废弃。废弃羊毛中角蛋白含量丰富,纯度相对较高,是一种实用价值很高的角蛋白资源。实现转变的方式就是将废弃羊毛解聚,提取角蛋白并使其再生利用。 角蛋白的提取已经有很多文献报道,但是角蛋白提取的分子量分布、分子量大小、提取率的控制不很容易,而这些数值对于角蛋白的应用至关重要。因此角蛋白提取方法的工作还在摸索中,是当前角蛋白领域的一个研究热点。 首先,本课题参照还原C法(在还原剂溶液中加入十二烷基硫酸钠的方法)提取角蛋白的方法,比较焦亚硫酸钠和亚硫酸氢钠分别作为还原剂时羊毛溶解率的高低(有文献介绍焦亚硫酸钠也可用于溶解羊毛)。然后在前人工作的基础上,将化学提取法中的氧化法和还原法结合起来,采用先氧化、再还原的提取方法,探索分子量分布集中和分子量分布在50kDa以上的角蛋白提取新途径。由于实验中测定羊毛溶解率时的误差较大,所以本论文通过做单因素实验探讨不同因素对羊毛溶解率的影响,确定氧化—还原两浴两步法提取角蛋白的工艺条件,以获得较高的羊毛溶解率。然后通过凝胶电泳、傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射图谱(XRD)和热重分析(TGA)等分析测试技术,对角蛋白的性能进行了表征和分析。 然后,将提取的角蛋白溶液直接用于羊毛防毡缩整理,溶液中的残留的还原剂成分也能起到一定的防缩效果。分析了各种因素(角蛋白溶液用量,时间,温度,pH)对角蛋白提取液在羊毛织物防毡缩效果上的影响,测定了不同工艺下织物的毡缩率,最终确定防毡缩整理的工艺条件。整理后,发现织物的防毡缩性能得到提高,对整理前、后的织物进行了物理机械性能和白度测试。测试结果表明:整理织物的断裂强力几乎没有损失,白度略有上升。 同时,为了拓展角蛋白的应用性,将提取出的角蛋白按照一定的方法制得角蛋白生物膜,为了改进角蛋白膜的应用性能,将壳聚糖按不同比例加入角蛋白中,可制得具有一定机械强度的复合生物膜。然后通过傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射图谱(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM),热重分析(TGA)测试技术,对复合生物膜的性能进行表征和分析。对生物膜进行接触角和强力测试发现,断裂强度随着壳聚糖含量增加而增大,但其亲水性随之降低。
[Abstract]:China is rich in wool resources, is a big country in wool spinning industry, there are a large number of wool fiber waste every year. The content of keratin in waste wool is rich, and the purity of waste wool is relatively high. It is a kind of high practical value keratin resource. The way to realize the transformation is to depolymerize waste wool, extract keratin and make it regenerate. The extraction of keratin has been reported in many literatures, but it is not easy to control the molecular weight distribution, molecular weight size and extraction rate of keratin extraction. These values are very important for the application of keratin, so the research of keratin extraction is still in progress, and it is a hotspot in the field of keratin. Firstly, the method of extracting keratin by reducing C method (adding 12 alkyl sodium sulfate in reductant solution) was studied in this paper. The dissolving rate of wool was compared when sodium pyrosulfite and sodium bisulfite were used as reducing agents respectively. The oxidation method and the reduction method were combined in the chemical extraction method, and the extraction method was first oxidized and then reduced. A new way of extracting keratin with concentrated molecular weight distribution and molecular weight distribution above 50kDa was explored. Therefore, this paper studied the influence of different factors on wool solubility by single factor experiment, and determined the process conditions of two-bath redox two-step extraction of keratin. In order to obtain the higher solubility of wool, the gel electrophoresis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to analyze and test the wool. The properties of keratin were characterized and analyzed. Then, the extracted keratin solution was directly used in wool anti-felting finishing, and the residual reducing agent components in the solution could also play a certain anti-shrinkage effect. Various factors (amount of keratin solution, time) were analyzed. The effect of temperature and pH on the effect of keratin extract on the anti-felting effect of wool fabric was studied. The felt shrinkage rate of wool fabric under different processing conditions was determined and the finishing conditions were determined. It was found that the anti-felting property of the fabric was improved, and the physical, mechanical properties and whiteness of the fabric were tested before and after finishing. The breaking strength of the finished fabric has almost no loss and the whiteness has increased slightly. At the same time, in order to expand the application of keratin, keratin biofilm was prepared according to a certain method. In order to improve the performance of keratin membrane, chitosan was added into keratin in different proportion. The composite biofilm with certain mechanical strength can be prepared. Then the X-ray diffraction spectra of FTIR and SEM are used to prepare the composite biofilm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique was used to characterize and analyze the properties of the composite biofilm. The contact angle and strength of the biofilm were measured and it was found that the fracture strength increased with the increase of chitosan content. However, its hydrophilicity decreased.
【学位授予单位】:东华大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2012
【分类号】:TS195.56
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