具有聚集诱导发光性能荧光高分子纳米探针的设计、合成及应用

发布时间：2018-03-15 05:16

本文选题：聚集诱导发光　切入点：自组装　出处：《南昌大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自2001年唐本忠院士课题组首先发现了一种聚集诱导发光(aggregation-induced emission,AIE)现象以来,国内外许多科研工作者开展了大量的关于AIE材料发光机理及其应用领域的研究。与传统的聚集导致荧光猝灭的现象(aggregation-caused quenching,ACQ)相反,AIE发光材料在溶液中几乎不发光或者发微弱光,而在聚集态或固态薄膜下能发出极强的荧光。AIE荧光团的发现为解决困扰已久的ACQ开创了一条新的路径。截止目前,大量具有AIE性质的荧光团被合成出来,并已经广泛地应用于化学/生物传感、细胞成像、有机发光二极管(OLED)等诸多领域。其中,基于AIE荧光小分子染料构建荧光纳米生物探针用于体细胞成像、疗效检测和癌症治疗已经取得了突出的成就。然而,由于AIE染料的疏水性,导致其在生物领域中的应用受到了一定程度的限制。因此,提高AIE染料的水溶性已经吸引了诸多科学家的关注。两亲性高分子通过自组装作用将疏水AIE染料包裹在高分子纳米颗粒中,从而改善AIE染料的亲水性问题。然而,AIE荧光团极易从高分子胶束中泄露出来,最终将影响其生物应用的效率。通过化学反应,将具有良好生物相容性的高分子和AIE荧光团以化学共价键的方式结合制备荧光纳米探针可以有效地解决荧光团泄露问题。此外,制备不同荧光发射波长的生物探针和构建诊疗一体化平台显得十分重要。本文的研究工作主要是合成具有不同光学性质(从蓝光到近红外光)和特殊官能团(氨基、醛基、羟基和双键)修饰的AIE荧光小分子,通过不同的化学及高分子聚合方法(开环反应、席夫碱、多组分一锅法和氧化还原聚合、开环聚合)合成一系列具有稳定结构的AIE两亲性荧光高分子。由于荧光高分子具有两亲性,因此这些荧光高分子可以在水中自组装形成了AIE荧光高分子纳米颗粒。所制备的荧光纳米颗粒具有很好的水分散性,极强的荧光性质以及良好的生物相容性,在荧光标记细胞方面具有极好的用途。此外,将抗肿瘤药物顺铂载带在荧光纳米颗粒表面,可以实现集成像和治疗为一体纳米诊疗平台。
[Abstract]:Since 2001, Tang Benzhong Research Group first discovered a kind of agglomeration induced luminescence (AIEE) phenomenon. Many researchers at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research on the luminescence mechanism of AIE materials and their applications. Contrary to the phenomenon of aggregation leading to fluorescence quenching, AIE luminescent materials almost do not emit light or emit weak light in solution. However, the discovery of extremely strong fluorescence. AIE fluorescence groups in the aggregate or solid films has opened up a new path for solving the long-standing problem of ACQ. Up to now, a large number of fluorescent groups with the properties of AIE have been synthesized. It has been widely used in many fields, such as chemical / biological sensing, cell imaging, organic light-emitting diode (OLED), etc. Among them, fluorescent nano-biological probes were constructed based on AIE fluorescent small molecular dyes for somatic imaging. Curative effect testing and cancer treatment have made outstanding achievements. However, because of the hydrophobicity of AIE dye, its application in biological field is limited to a certain extent. Increasing the water solubility of AIE dyes has attracted the attention of many scientists. Amphiphilic polymers encapsulate hydrophobic AIE dyes in polymer nanoparticles through self-assembly. So as to improve the hydrophilicity of AIE dyes. However, the fluorescence group of AIE is easy to leak out from the macromolecule micelles, which will eventually affect the efficiency of its biological application. The preparation of fluorescent nanoprobes by combining polymer with AIE fluorescence groups with good biocompatibility by chemical covalent bonding can effectively solve the problem of fluorescence cluster leakage. It is very important to prepare biological probes with different emission wavelengths and to construct an integrated platform for diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, we mainly study the synthesis of special functional groups (amino, aldehyde groups) with different optical properties (from blue light to near infrared light). AIE fluorescent small molecules modified by hydroxyl groups and double bonds were polymerized by different chemical and polymeric methods (ring opening reaction, Schiff base, multicomponent one-pot polymerization and redox polymerization). A series of AIE amphiphilic fluorescent polymers with stable structure were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. Therefore, these fluorescent polymers can self-assemble in water to form AIE fluorescent polymer nanoparticles, which have good water dispersion, strong fluorescence properties and good biocompatibility. In addition, the anti-tumor drug cisplatin on the surface of fluorescent nanoparticles can be integrated image and treatment as an integrated nano-diagnosis and treatment platform.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O657.3

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