基于二氧化钛的异质半导体光电极的制备及其光电化学分解水性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 05:34

本文选题：光电化学分解水　切入点：光催化　出处：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在当代社会中,人类主要使用的能源来源于煤、石油等化石燃料,占所有使用能源的85%左右。然而,不可再生资源的过度消耗导致了二氧化碳(CO_2)大量排放,加剧了全球温室效应。因此,开发可替代绿色能源成为人类面临的一个新挑战。氢能,作为一种清洁、可再生、储量丰富的能源,是现代能源结构优化转变的主要方向。相比于化石燃料,氢能燃烧热值高,反应速度快,而且是一种可再生的二次能源。此外,氢能可以储存于固体储氢材料中,使其能够应用于许多领域。因此,对氢能的技术研究和开发利用对于人类能源架构优化和能源可持续发展具有重大意义。光电化学电池是一种开发氢能的新型技术,可实现工业化太阳能分解水制氢。在光电化学电池中,光电极是最重要的组成部分,光电极起到吸收光、产生电子-空穴对并促进电子转移的作用。由于异质结光电极可以更高效的促进电子空穴对的分离,因此目前光电极的开发主要方向是构建新型异质结光电极。论文的主要工作如下:一、TiO_2/BiOCl复合异质结光电极矩阵的制备及其光电化学分解水制氢性能研究通过水热、溶胶凝胶以及化学沉积的方法成功制备了TiO_2/BiOCl异质光电极。研究发现,通过负载BiOCl,TiO_2光电极的光电化学性能有了质的提高。我们进一步研究了BiOCl负载量对其光电化学性能的影响规律,发现当负载BiOCl的循环次数为60次时,所制备样品呈现出最佳的光电化学性能。二、MoS_2敏化TiO_2复合异质结光电极矩阵的制备及其光电化学分解水制氢性能研究通过水热及溶胶凝胶过程成功构建了TiO_2/MoS_2异质结光电极。在此基础上,我们系统化研究了MoS_2敏化作用对TiO_2光电极光电化学性能的影响规律,发现经MoS_2敏化的TiO_2光电极的光电流强度与单一TiO_2光电极相比有了很大的提高。三、TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O复合光电极的制备及其光电化学分解水制氢性能研究通过水热、溶胶凝胶、旋涂及化学沉积的方法构建了TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O异质结构的光电极。光电流及IPCE数据表明当Cu_2O负载循环次数为60次时,TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O光电极呈现出最佳的光电化学性能。在此基础上,我们还研究了该光电极的产氢性能,结果显示由TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O组成的光电极具有优异的产氢速率。四、MgFe_2O_4/RGO/V_2O_5异质结制备及其光催化性能研究通过静电纺丝和溶胶凝胶法制备出了V_2O_5/RGO/MgFe_2O_4异质结纳米线,并对其光催化性能进行了研究。在经过负载RGO及MgFe_2O_4形成三元异质一维纳米材料后,其光催化性能在单一MgFe_2O_4基础上有了大幅度提升。
[Abstract]:In contemporary society, the main sources of energy used by mankind are coal, petroleum and other fossil fuels, accounting for about 85 percent of all energy used. However, excessive consumption of non-renewable resources has led to massive emissions of carbon dioxide. Thus, the development of alternative green energy has become a new challenge for mankind. Hydrogen energy, as a clean, renewable and abundant energy source, Compared with fossil fuels, hydrogen energy has a high combustion calorific value, a fast reaction rate, and is a renewable secondary energy source. In addition, hydrogen energy can be stored in solid hydrogen storage materials. Therefore, the research and development of hydrogen energy technology is of great significance for the optimization of human energy architecture and the sustainable development of energy. Photochemical cells are a new technology for the development of hydrogen energy. Industrial solar energy can decompose water to produce hydrogen. In photochemical cells, the photoelectrode is the most important component, and the photoelectrode absorbs light. The generation of electron-hole pairs and the promotion of electron transfer. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the preparation of TiO2 / BiOCl composite heterojunction photoelectrode matrix and the properties of photochemical decomposition of water to produce hydrogen are studied by hydrothermal method. Sol-gel and chemical deposition methods were used to prepare TiO_2/BiOCl heterogeneous photoelectrodes. The photoelectrochemical properties of BiOCl-TiO2 photoelectrode have been improved qualitatively. We have further studied the effect of BiOCl loading on its photochemical properties. It is found that when the number of cycles of loaded BiOCl is 60 times, The preparation of photoelectrode matrix of TiO_2 complex heterojunction and its photochemical decomposition properties of hydrogen production by photochemical decomposition of water have been successfully constructed by hydrothermal and sol-gel processes. On the basis of this, We have systematically studied the influence of MoS_2 sensitization on the electrochemical performance of TiO_2 optoelectronic aurora. It is found that the photocurrent intensity of the TiO_2 photoelectrode sensitized by MoS_2 is much higher than that of the single TiO_2 photoelectrode. The photoelectrode of TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O heterostructure was constructed by spin-coating and chemical deposition. The photocurrent and IPCE data show that when the number of cycles of Cu_2O load is 60 times, TiO-2 / RGO-Cu2O photoelectrode presents the best photochemical performance. We also studied the hydrogen production performance of the photoelectrode. The results showed that the photoelectrode composed of TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O had excellent hydrogen production rate. The preparation and photocatalytic properties of V_2O_5/RGO/MgFe_2O_4 heterojunction nanowires were prepared by electrospinning and sol-gel method. The photocatalytic properties of these materials were studied. After the formation of ternary heterogeneous one-dimensional nanomaterials by supported RGO and MgFe_2O_4, their photocatalytic properties were greatly improved on the basis of a single MgFe_2O_4.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O646.5;TQ116.2

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