新型氮化碳材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 14:25

本文选题：氮化碳 + 模板剂　；参考：《天津科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：半导体光催化技术是目前解决环境和能源问题最有前景的技术,其核心技术是光催化剂的研究。氮化碳是一种新型的非金属半导体光催化剂,具有良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,具有很高的光生电子与空穴的分离效率,对可见光的吸收作用具有很强。然而,常见的光催化剂如二氧化钛对可见光的利用率相对较低,在现实应用中有很大的限制。介孔氮化碳材料具有较高的热稳定性、化学稳定性,对可见光的利用率高,且原料廉价易得、制备工艺简单,在催化净化环境和利能源清洁方面有着非常广阔的应用前景。本文致力于研究新型氮化碳材料的制备工艺条件,并探索不同氮化碳材料对光催化性能的影响。本文通过硬模板法,以不同粒径的二氧化硅(Si02)为硬模板,制备了三种不同形貌的氮化碳材料,并分别对其进行光催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)、罗丹明B (RhB)实验,探索不同形貌的氮化碳对光催化活性的影响。本论文的主要研究工作如下:第一,以介孔SiO2为模板剂,创新性的合成了以包裹为主要机理的中空球型介孔氮化碳材料,对微球的粒径及形态进行了表征,探究了影响微球粒径及形态的因素,并对MB进行光催化降解,探索不同浓度的氮化碳材料对光催化活性的影响,可见光下对MB有机物的降解具有很好的活性。其中,氰氨-乙醇质量比为85%的介孔氮化碳材料的光催化活性最高。第二,以亚微米级SiO2为硬模板剂,合成了具有贯通的三维大孔氮化碳材料,并对其进行表征,通过改变模板剂的尺寸,进行对比评价,并用于光催化降解RhB实验,可见光下对RhB溶液的降解中表现出了很好效果,其中,模板剂制备离心转速为10000 r/min的三维大孔氮化碳的光催化活性最佳。第三,采用纳米级硅胶溶液作为硬模板制备无规则介孔氮化碳,通过调节硅胶和氰胺的比例来控制氮化碳比表面积的大小,并对其进行表征,用于光催化降解实验RhB实验,氰氨-硅胶质量比为1:1.6制备的无规则介孔氮化碳的光催化活性最佳。
[Abstract]:Semiconductor photocatalytic technology is the most promising technology to solve environmental and energy problems, the core of which is the research of photocatalyst.Carbon nitride is a new type of nonmetallic semiconductor photocatalyst with good thermal and chemical stability, high separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes, and strong absorption of visible light.However, the common photocatalysts such as titanium dioxide have relatively low utilization of visible light, which is very limited in practical applications.Mesoporous carbon nitride materials have high thermal stability, chemical stability, high utilization of visible light, cheap and easy to obtain raw materials, simple preparation process, and have a very broad application prospect in catalytic purification of environment and energy cleaning.In this paper, the preparation conditions of new carbon nitride materials are studied, and the effects of different carbon nitride materials on photocatalytic properties are explored.In this paper, three kinds of carbon nitride materials with different morphologies were prepared by hard template method, and the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue MBF and Rhodamine B (RhB) were studied.The effect of carbon nitride with different morphologies on photocatalytic activity was investigated.The main work of this thesis is as follows: firstly, the hollow spherical mesoporous carbon nitride materials were synthesized with mesoporous SiO2 as template, and the size and morphology of microspheres were characterized.The factors affecting the particle size and morphology of the microspheres were investigated, and the photocatalytic degradation of MB was carried out, and the effects of different concentrations of carbon nitride materials on the photocatalytic activity were explored.Among them, the mesoporous carbon nitride material with 85% mass ratio of cyanamide to ethanol has the highest photocatalytic activity.Secondly, using submicron SiO2 as hard template, a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nitride material was synthesized and characterized. By changing the size of template, it was compared and evaluated, and used in photocatalytic degradation of RhB.The photocatalytic activity of three-dimensional macroporous carbon nitride with centrifugal speed of 10000 r/min was the best in the degradation of RhB solution under visible light.Thirdly, nanometer silica gel solution was used as hard template to prepare irregular mesoporous carbon nitride. The specific surface area of carbon nitride was controlled by adjusting the ratio of silica gel and cyanamide, and was characterized to be used in photocatalytic degradation experiment RhB experiment.The photocatalytic activity of irregular mesoporous carbon nitride was the best when the mass ratio of cyanamide to silica was 1: 1.6.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O643.36;O644.1

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