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基于火焰光度法的钠、钾元素含量测量技术研究

发布时间:2018-05-04 03:41

  本文选题:钠、钾测量 + 火焰光度法 ; 参考:《北京交通大学》2016年硕士论文


【摘要】:钠(Na)、钾(K)这两种常量元素,在很多领域有着重要的作用,如土壤分析、人体医学、农业化肥、医药行业等。通常需要精确地测量出这两种元素的含量,判断其是否处于标准范围之内,从而发挥正常的作用。本文对钠、钾元素含量的测量技术进行了深入的研究。首先,通过对大量资料的学习和研究,对比分析了目前检测方法和手段的缺点及不足,确定了本文的研究方法——火焰光度法,研究了钠、钾两种碱金属元素的焰色反应特性及钠、钾原子发射光谱特性,分析了硅光电池光生电流强度与光照强度之间的关系,深入研究了原子发射光谱法,构建了发射谱线强度与待测物浓度间关系的数学模型,推导出了钠、钾含量测量的算法,并设计了火焰光度法的工作流程。其次,根据本文构建的数学模型和推导出的算法,应用火焰光度法原理,完成了测量系统的整体方案设计。在进一步完成钠、钾光电转换模块、气路模块、控制模块、显示模块、信号输入模块及数据输出模块的设计以及软件编写的基础上,开发完成了基于MSP430f149微处理器的钠、钾含量测量系统和PC端的人机交互界面。通过搭建实验平台,对测量系统进行整体的装机、运行及调试,实现了样品液气化、光强信号与数字信号的转换、钠、钾双通道同时标定测量、数据动态显示、历史数据查询及清除、良好的LCD操作界面、数据传输打印、测量系统程序实时在线更新以及与PC端人机交互界面通信等功能。PC端人机交互界面,采用LabVIEW开发设计,具有与测量系统通信、数据信息显示、数据自动导出存储以及生成并显示标准曲线的功能。最后,通过大量的重复测量实验验证,本文提出的测量方法方便、快捷、精确高,该测量系统具有操作简便、智能化程度高、功能多样化、工作稳定、成本低等优点。
[Abstract]:The two major elements, sodium, sodium, potassium and potassium, play an important role in many fields, such as soil analysis, human medicine, agricultural chemical fertilizer, pharmaceutical industry, and so on. The content of these two elements usually needs to be measured accurately to determine whether they are within the standard range and thus play a normal role. In this paper, the measurement technology of sodium and potassium is studied. First of all, through the study and study of a large amount of data, the shortcomings and shortcomings of the current detection methods and means are compared and analyzed, and the flame photometric method, which is the research method in this paper, is determined, and the sodium is studied. The characteristics of flame reaction and the atomic emission spectra of sodium and potassium of two kinds of alkali metal elements of potassium are analyzed. The relationship between the intensity of photovoltaic current and the intensity of illumination of silicon photovoltaic cells is analyzed, and the atomic emission spectrometry is deeply studied. The mathematical model of the relationship between the intensity of emission line and the concentration of the substance to be measured is established. The algorithm of measuring the content of sodium and potassium is deduced and the working flow of flame photometry is designed. Secondly, according to the mathematical model and the algorithm derived in this paper, the overall scheme design of the measurement system is completed by applying the principle of flame photometry. On the basis of further completing the design of sodium, potassium optoelectronic conversion module, gas path module, control module, display module, signal input module and data output module, as well as software programming, the sodium based on MSP430f149 microprocessor is developed. Potassium content measurement system and PC interface. By setting up the experimental platform, the whole measuring system is installed, operated and debugged, and the sample liquid gasification, the conversion of light intensity signal and digital signal, the simultaneous calibration and measurement of sodium and potassium channels, and the dynamic display of data are realized. The functions of historical data query and clearance, good LCD operation interface, data transmission and printing, real-time online updating of measuring system program and communication with PC man-machine interactive interface, etc., are developed and designed with LabVIEW. It has the functions of communicating with the measurement system, displaying the data information, automatically exporting and storing the data and generating and displaying the standard curve. Finally, through a large number of repeated measurement experiments, the measurement method proposed in this paper is convenient, fast and accurate. The system has the advantages of simple operation, high intelligence, diverse functions, stable work and low cost.
【学位授予单位】:北京交通大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2016
【分类号】:O657.3

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