金纳米棒——从可控制备与修饰到纳米生物学与生物医学应用

发布时间：2018-05-11 16:37

本文选题：金纳米棒 + 可控制备　；参考：《物理化学学报》2017年07期

【摘要】：金纳米棒因其独特的光学活性(纵向和横向两个等离子体共振吸收峰,可调范围从可见光区到近红外区)、长径比可调,表面易于修饰,生物相容性良好而使得其在纳米生物学和生物医学等领域具有广泛的应用前景。金纳米棒的合成及表面修饰直接决定着其物理化学性质,进而影响其生物相容性及其在生物医学中的应用。本文综述了金纳米棒的可控制备方法(包括模板法、电化学法、光化学法和晶种法)、表面可控修饰方法及其在纳米生物学和生物医学中的应用新进展,重点总结了金纳米棒的表面可控修饰及其在分子探针、生物传感、生物成像、药物载体、基因载体和光热疗法的最新研究进展。最后针对金纳米棒在生物应用过程中的一些瓶颈问题(如:特异性识别能力需要增强和荧光量子产率尚待提高等)提出了将手性分子或智能聚合物引入到金纳米棒表面进行可控修饰,以期增强其特异性识别能力并提高荧光量子产率,为金纳米棒的发展提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:Due to its unique optical activity (longitudinal and transverse plasmon resonance absorption peaks, the gold nanorods range from visible to near infrared region, the aspect ratio is adjustable, and the surface is easy to modify. Because of its good biocompatibility, it has been widely used in nanobiology and biomedicine. The synthesis and surface modification of gold nanorods directly determine their physical and chemical properties, and then affect their biocompatibility and their applications in biomedicine. In this paper, the controllable preparation methods of gold nanorods (including template method, electrochemical method, photochemical method and seed method), surface controlled modification method and their applications in nanobiology and biomedicine are reviewed. The surface controllable modification of gold nanorods and their recent advances in molecular probes, biosensors, biomedical imaging, drug carriers, gene carriers and photothermal therapy were reviewed. Finally, aiming at some bottleneck problems in the biological application of gold nanorods (such as the enhancement of specific recognition ability and the improvement of fluorescence quantum yield, etc.), it is proposed to introduce chiral molecules or intelligent polymers into gold nanometers. The surface of the rod is chemically modified, In order to enhance its specific recognition ability and improve the fluorescence quantum yield, it provides a new idea for the development of gold nanorods.
【作者单位】：武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51533007,51521001,21404083)资助项目~~
【分类号】：O614.123;TB383.1

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