从氮气直接合成含氮有机化合物

发布时间：2018-05-18 11:33

本文选题：氮气活化 + 氮气转化　；参考：《化学学报》2017年08期

【摘要】：作为与人类文明和生存密切相关的重大研究方向,温和条件下氮气的活化与转化(固氮)研究在1970~1990年代曾经是国际上备受关注的研究领域.但是,由于该领域极具挑战性,研究进展缓慢以及世界学术文化的变化,进入21世纪以来从事相关基础研究工作的化学研究者急剧减少.然而,毋庸置疑,实现温和条件下氮气的活化与转化是人类需要解决的重大科学问题,是人类社会可持续发展的要求,是科学家尤其是化学家最重要的使命之一.将氮气直接转化为含氮有机化合物是氮气的直接应用之一,本综述总结和归纳了文献报道的金属促进的以氮气为原料直接生成含氮有机化合物的转化方法和反应机理,产物主要包括胺类,酰胺类,酰亚胺类,腈类,二氮烯类,连氮类,碳二亚胺类,异氰酸酯类及杂环类有机化合物.本综述不包括将氮气转化成氨气和部分还原及质子化产物的文献.
[Abstract]:As a major research direction closely related to human civilization and survival, the activation and transformation (nitrogen fixation) of nitrogen under mild conditions was once a concerned field in the world in 1970-1990 's. However, due to the challenge in this field, the slow progress of research and the change of academic culture in the world, the number of chemical researchers engaged in related basic research has decreased sharply since the beginning of the 21st century. However, there is no doubt that the realization of nitrogen activation and transformation under mild conditions is a major scientific problem to be solved by human beings. It is the requirement of sustainable development of human society and one of the most important missions of scientists, especially chemists. The direct conversion of nitrogen to nitrogen-containing organic compounds is one of the direct applications of nitrogen. This review summarizes and summarizes the methods and reaction mechanism of metal-promoted conversion of nitrogen-containing organic compounds directly from nitrogen to nitrogen-containing organic compounds reported in the literature. The products include amine, imide, nitrile, diazene, diazo, carbodiimide, isocyanate and heterocyclic organic compounds. This review does not include references on the conversion of nitrogen to ammonia and partial reduction and protonation products.
【作者单位】：北京大学化学与分子工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(No.21690061)资助~~
【分类号】：O622.6

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