基于葫芦脲超分子作用的印染废水中酸性染料的吸附研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 02:27

本文选题：酸性染料 + 葫芦脲　；参考：《武汉纺织大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是染料生产和使用的第一大国,该过程中产生的印染废水已严重威胁到我国水体安全。由于酸性染料的结构稳定,在废水处理过程中很难被生化方法彻底处理,通常以物理吸附作为处理的主要方法,开发一种新型高效的吸附剂已成为当下的研究热点。前期本课题组对葫芦脲吸附性能的研究发现其具有显著的吸附性能,本研究应用葫芦脲作为一种高效的吸附剂移除印染废水中酸性染料以达到处理印染废水的目的。研究了葫芦[6]脲和葫芦[8]脲对偶氮结构的酸性红27染料和酸性橙7染料的吸附影响因素、吸附行为和吸附机理。(1)对酸性红27染料的吸附研究表明:葫芦[6]脲对酸性红27染料的吸附在50min内可达吸附平衡,染料移除率达80%;温度的升高不利于吸附反应的进行;碱性条件促进吸附反应,酸性条件抑制吸附进行;金属离子(K~+,Ga~(2+),Na~+,Mg~(2+)的存在提高了吸附效率。葫芦[8]脲对酸性红27染料的吸附更高效,30min内可达吸附平衡,最大吸附量为332.2mg/g,染料移除率高达99%;升温不利于吸附反应进行;碱性条件促进吸附反应,酸性条件抑制吸附反应;金属离子(K~+,Ga~(2+),Na~+,Mg~(2+))的存在降低了吸附效率。葫芦[6]脲和葫芦[8]脲对酸性红27染料的吸附符合Langmuir单分子层吸附;吸附是由焓驱动的放热反应;吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,表明在吸附过程中伴随着化学键的产生;通过红外光谱和热重分析证实了吸附过程中伴随着新的物相的生成。(2)对酸性橙7染料研究表明:葫芦[6]脲对酸性橙7染料的吸附在60min内可达吸附平衡,染料移除率为45%;温度的升高不利于吸附反应的进行;碱性条件促进吸附反应,酸性条件抑制吸附进行;Ga~(2+),Mg~(2+)的存在提高了吸附效率,K~+,Na~+的存在降低吸附效率;其吸附是符合Langmuir吸附等温方程的单分子层吸附。葫芦[8]脲对酸性橙7染料的吸附在30min内可达吸附平衡,染料移除率为82%;升温不利于吸附反应进行,碱性条件促进吸附反应,酸性条件抑制吸附反应;金属离子(K~+,Ga~(2+),Na~+,Mg~(2+))的存在降低了吸附效率;吸附是符合Freundlich等温方程的多分子层吸附。葫芦[6]脲和葫芦[8]脲对酸性橙7染料的吸附过程是由焓驱动的放热反应;吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,伴随着化学键的产生;通过红外光谱和热重分析证实了吸附过程中有新的物相的生成。研究表明葫芦脲可以作为吸附印染废水中酸性染料的高效吸附剂,为课题的深入研究和实现葫芦脲在印染废水处理上的应用提供理论指导。
[Abstract]:China is the largest country in the production and use of dyes. The printing and dyeing wastewater produced in this process has seriously threatened the safety of water bodies in China. Because of the stable structure of acid dyes, it is difficult to be thoroughly treated by biochemical methods in the process of wastewater treatment. Usually, physical adsorption is the main method of treatment, and the development of a new and efficient adsorbent has become a hot research topic at present. The previous study on the adsorption properties of gourd urea showed that it had remarkable adsorption performance. In this study, the acid dyes in printing and dyeing wastewater were removed by using gourd urea as an efficient adsorbent to achieve the purpose of treating printing and dyeing wastewater. The adsorption factors of [6] urea and [8] urea for azo acid red 27 dyes and acid orange 7 dyes were studied. The adsorption behavior and adsorption mechanism of acid red 27 dye were studied. The results showed that the adsorption of acid red 27 dye by gourd [6] urea could reach the equilibrium in 50min, the removal rate of dye reached 80%, and the increase of temperature was not conducive to the adsorption reaction. The adsorption efficiency was improved by alkaline condition, acid condition inhibited adsorption, and the presence of metal ion (K ~ (+) K ~ (+) ~ (1) ~ (2) (Na ~ (2) (mg ~ (2) increased the adsorption efficiency. The adsorption equilibrium of gourd [8] urea for acid red 27 dye can be reached within 30 minutes, the maximum adsorption capacity is 332.2 mg / g, the removal rate of dye is as high as 99%, the temperature rise is not conducive to the adsorption reaction, the basic condition promotes the adsorption reaction, the acid condition inhibits the adsorption reaction. The existence of the metal ion K ~ (+) (K ~ (+) decreases the adsorption efficiency of Na ~ (2) (P _ (2) O _ (2). The adsorption of acid red 27 dyes by gourd [6] urea and gourd [8] urea accords with Langmuir monolayer adsorption, the adsorption is an exothermic reaction driven by enthalpy, the adsorption process accords with the quasi-second-order kinetic model, which indicates that the chemical bond is produced during the adsorption process. The results of infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the adsorption of acid orange 7 dyes by cucurbit [6] urea could reach the adsorption equilibrium in 60min with the formation of new phase. The removal rate of dye is 450.The increase of temperature is not conducive to the adsorption reaction, the alkaline condition promotes the adsorption reaction, the acidic condition inhibits the adsorption, and the presence of the acid condition increases the adsorption efficiency and reduces the adsorption efficiency. Its adsorption is monolayer adsorption which accords with Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation. The adsorption of acid orange 7 dye by cucurbita [8] urea can reach the equilibrium in 30min, the removal rate of dye is 822.The temperature rise is not conducive to the adsorption reaction, the basic condition promotes the adsorption reaction, the acid condition inhibits the adsorption reaction. The presence of the metal ion K ~ (2 +) (K ~ +) decreases the adsorption efficiency, and the adsorption is a multilayer adsorption in accordance with the Freundlich isotherm equation. The adsorption process of acid orange 7 dyes by gourd [6] urea and gourd [8] urea is an exothermic reaction driven by enthalpy. Infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the formation of new phase in the adsorption process. The results show that cucurbituril can be used as an effective adsorbent for the adsorption of acid dyes in printing and dyeing wastewater, which provides theoretical guidance for further research and application of cucurbituron in the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater.
【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O647.3;X791

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