非贵金属基催化剂的制备及光催化性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 21:04

本文选题：硫化镉 + 碳化钼　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：面对化石能源的日益枯竭和其带来的资源浪费现象,氢能作为一种理想的新能源,因具有能量密度高、对环境友好以及资源丰富等特点受到了科研工作者的广泛青睐。此外,由于化石能源的过度使用对环境造成很大的破坏。其中,最为严重的就是CO2的过量排放。因此,利用太阳能进行光催化水分解产氢以及光催化CO2还原被认为是解决上述两个问题最有效的手段。因此,开发出一种高效的光催化剂是实现上述两个过程的关键。总的来说,本论文的研究内容如下:通过水热法制得Mo2C空心球(Mo2C-HS),然后利用浸渍法将CdS纳米颗粒负载到Mo2C-HS上,得到非贵金属Mo2C-HS/CdS复合光催化剂。并利用一些常规测试手段对Mo2C-HS/CdS材料进行形貌、晶相、组成以及价态的分析。光催化水分解产氢测试结果表明,与纯的CdS相比,Mo2C-HS/CdS样品的产氢速率提高了将近36倍。除了产氢活性得到显著增强外,其产氢稳定性也因抑制CdS的光腐蚀而得到很大提高。通过简单的共沉淀法制得一维的Mo2C纳米线(Mo2C-NW),并利用浸渍法将CdS纳米颗粒负载到Mo2C-NW的表面,得到非贵金属Mo2C-NW/CdS复合光催化剂。在可见光(λ420nm)照射下,对该Mo2C-NW/CdS复合光催化剂进行了光催化水分解产氢性能测试。测试结果表明:在以乳酸作为反应体系的牺牲试剂中,当固定光敏剂CdS的量为45 mg时,Mo2C-NW的加载量为10 mg时,产氢速率达到最大值,为1191.8 μmol/h。并对最优条件下的Mo2C-NW/CdS样品进行了循环稳定性测试,结果发现,经过3次循环之后,氢气产生的总量没有发现明显地下降,表现出很好的稳定性。利用水热法和高温还原制备出了三种不同类型的Ga2O3,即H-Ga2O3、A-Ga2O3和O-Ga2O3。然后,在这三种不同类型的Ga203上分别担载Pt颗粒,得到相应的Pt/H-Ga2O3、Pt/A-Ga2O3以及Pt/O-Ga2O3复合光催化剂。同时,考察了它们在光催化CO2还原反应中的光催化活性以及稳定性。
[Abstract]:In the face of the depletion of fossil energy and the waste of resources, hydrogen energy, as an ideal new energy source, has been widely favored by researchers because of its high energy density, environmental friendliness and rich resources. In addition, the excessive use of fossil energy causes great damage to the environment. Among them, the most serious is the excessive emission of CO2. Therefore, photocatalytic water decomposition for hydrogen production and photocatalytic CO2 reduction are considered to be the most effective methods to solve the above two problems. Therefore, the development of an efficient photocatalyst is the key to achieve the above two processes. In general, the research contents of this thesis are as follows: Mo2C hollow spheres Mo2C-HSN were prepared by hydrothermal method, and then CdS nanoparticles were loaded on Mo2C-HS by impregnation method to obtain non-noble metal Mo2C-HS/CdS composite photocatalyst. The morphology, crystal phase, composition and valence state of Mo2C-HS/CdS were analyzed by some conventional methods. The hydrogen production rate of Mo _ 2C-HS / CDs sample was increased by nearly 36 times compared with pure CdS. In addition to the significant enhancement of hydrogen production activity, the hydrogen production stability was also greatly improved by inhibiting the photocorrosion of CdS. One-dimensional Mo2C nanowires Mo2C-NWN were prepared by a simple coprecipitation method, and CdS nanoparticles were loaded onto the surface of Mo2C-NW by impregnation method to obtain non-noble metal Mo2C-NW/CdS composite photocatalyst. Under visible light (位 420 nm) irradiation, the photocatalytic properties of the Mo2C-NW/CdS composite photocatalyst for hydrogen production by water decomposition were tested. The results showed that the maximum hydrogen production rate was 1191.8 渭 mol / h when the loading amount of Mo _ 2C-NW was 10 mg when the amount of CdS was 45 mg, in which lactic acid was used as the sacrificial reagent in the reaction system. The cyclic stability of Mo2C-NW/CdS samples under optimal conditions was tested. It was found that after three cycles, the total amount of hydrogen produced did not decrease obviously and showed good stability. Three different types of Ga _ 2O _ 3, H-Ga _ 2O _ 3, A-Ga _ 2O _ 3 and O-Ga _ 2O _ 3, were prepared by hydrothermal method and high temperature reduction. Then, the Pt particles were supported on the three different types of Ga203, and the corresponding Pt / H-Ga _ 2O _ 3N _ t _ (A-Ga _ 2O _ 3) and Pt/O-Ga2O3 composite photocatalysts were obtained. At the same time, their photocatalytic activity and stability in photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction were investigated.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O643.36;O644.1

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