天然多糖复合材料的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 22:36

本文选题：海藻酸钠 + 魔芋胶　；参考：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：天然多糖具有良好的生物质特性,而膜材料及多孔材料具有良好的结构性能,将天然多糖制备成复合膜材料及复合多孔材料,可以把天然多糖的生物质特性与膜材料、多孔材料的结构特性相结合,从而达到提高其各项性能的目的,同时也提高了应用价值。本论文选用海藻酸钠、魔芋多糖、羧甲基纤维素三种天然多糖为原料,分别制备了天然多糖复合膜材料和多孔材料。本文首先以物理共混的方法制得海藻酸钠/魔芋胶复合膜材料,通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)对复合膜材料的结构、形态进行表征。通过比较不同配比复合膜材料的力学性能和吸湿保湿性能确定了两者的最佳配比为3.2:0.9。此时复合膜的断裂强力可达67.02MPa,吸水率和保水率分别为268.96%和112.04%,对生理盐水及人造血浆的吸收率分别为1442.34%和576.24%。同样以物理共混的方法制备海藻酸钠/魔芋胶/羧甲基纤维素钠复合膜材料,并对其结构、形态进行表征。通过比较不同配比复合膜材料的力学性能及吸湿保湿性能确定了三者的最佳配比为3.2:0.4:0.4,此时断裂强力可达46.16MPa,吸水率和保水率分别为503.28%和356.72%,对生理盐水及人造血浆的吸收率分别为3377.53%和2258.71%。以物理共混之后加以冷冻干燥的方法制得海藻酸钠/魔芋胶复合多孔材料。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)对复合多孔材料的结构、形态进行了表征,结果发现制得的复合多孔材料孔隙率达90%以上,孔径在100μm~200μm,单个气孔呈圆形或扁长形,整体呈蜂窝状。通过比较不同配比复合多孔材料的力学性能和吸湿保湿性能确定了两者的最佳配比为3.2:0.9,甘油添加量为4%。此时复合多孔材料断裂强力可达0.19MPa,吸水率和保水率分别为1886.94%和662.04%。同样以物理共混之后加以冷冻干燥的方法制备海藻酸钠/魔芋胶/羧甲基纤维素钠复合多孔材料,并对其结构、形态进行表征。结果发现制得的复合多孔材料空隙分布均匀且具有良好的连通性,空隙宽度在100μm~200μm,整体分布呈层状。通过比较不同配比复合多孔材料的力学性能和吸湿保湿性能确定了三者的最佳配比为3.2:0.3:0.4,此时断裂强力可达0.21MPa,吸水率和保水率分别为1621.32%和552.65%。
[Abstract]:Natural polysaccharides have good biomass properties, while membrane materials and porous materials have good structural properties. When natural polysaccharides are prepared into composite membrane materials and composite porous materials, the biomass properties of natural polysaccharides can be combined with membrane materials. The structure and properties of porous materials are combined to improve their properties and application value. In this paper, three kinds of natural polysaccharides, sodium alginate, konjac polysaccharide and carboxymethyl cellulose, were used as raw materials to prepare natural polysaccharide composite membrane materials and porous materials respectively. In this paper, sodium alginate / konjac gum composite membrane material was prepared by physical blending method. The structure and morphology of the composite membrane material were characterized by FTIR and SEM. By comparing the mechanical properties and moisture absorption and moisture retention properties of the composite membrane materials with different ratios, the optimum ratio of the two materials was determined to be 3.2: 0.9. The breaking strength of the composite membrane was 67.02 MPa, the water absorption rate and water retention rate were 268.96% and 112.04 respectively, and the absorptivity of physiological saline and artificial plasma were 1442.34% and 576.24%, respectively. The composite membrane materials of sodium alginate / konjac gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were also prepared by physical blending method and their structure and morphology were characterized. By comparing the mechanical properties and moisture absorption and moisture retention properties of composite membrane materials with different ratios, the optimum ratio of these three materials is 3.22: 0.4: 0.4, the breaking strength can reach 46.16 MPA, the water absorption and retention ratio are 503.28% and 356.72%, respectively. The absorptivity was 3377.53% and 2258.71%, respectively. The composite porous materials of sodium alginate and konjac gum were prepared by physical blending and freeze-drying. The structure and morphology of the composite porous material were characterized by FT-IR and SEM. The results showed that the porosity of the composite porous material was over 90%, the pore diameter was 100 渭 m ~ 200 渭 m, and the single porosity was round or flat and long, and the whole porous material was honeycomb. By comparing the mechanical properties and moisture absorption and moisture retention properties of porous composite materials with different ratios, the optimum ratio of the two materials was found to be 3.2: 0.9, and the amount of glycerol was 4%. The breaking strength of the composite porous material is 0.19 MPA and the water absorption and water retention are 1886.94% and 662.04% respectively. The composite porous materials of sodium alginate, konjac gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were prepared by physical blending and freeze-drying method, and their structure and morphology were characterized. The results show that the porosity distribution of the composite porous material is uniform and has good connectivity. The void width is 100 渭 m ~ 200 渭 m, and the whole distribution is layered. By comparing the mechanical properties and moisture absorption and moisture retention properties of composite porous materials with different ratios, it was determined that the optimum ratio was 3.2: 0.3: 0.4, and the breaking strength could reach 0.21 MPA, and the water absorption and moisture retention were 1621.32% and 552.65%, respectively.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332;O629.12

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