银纳米线的制备及其表面增强效应研究
本文选题:银纳米线 + 局域表面等离激元 ; 参考:《陕西师范大学》2016年硕士论文
【摘要】:荧光光谱技术和拉曼散射光谱技术被广泛应用于医学诊断、生物工程及物质分析等领域。但是一般的荧光信号和拉曼散射信号较弱、稳定性较差,限制了这两项检测技术在许多科学领域的应用。随着合成技术和微纳制备技术的进步,研究人员们发现,将分子置于具有纳米结构的金属表面附近,分子的荧光发射信号或者拉曼散射信号会得到明显增强,进而提高了探测灵敏度。因此,表面增强荧光效应和表面增强拉曼散射效应应运而生,新型高效衬底的制备和增强机制的研究一直是表面增强工作研究的重点。本论文将制备的银纳米线沉积在清洗处理过的硅片上得到不同的加载密度作为增强衬底,系统的研究了不同密度的银纳米线作为衬底以及不同激励波长对荧光素钠分子荧光增强效应的影响;在此基础上研究了不同密度的银纳米线作为衬底对结晶紫和若丹明-590分子的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效应的影响,简单探讨了高密度银纳米线作为衬底和单根纳米线作为衬底的SERS特性。论文主要工作包括以下3个方面:1.通过乙二醇高温热还原的方法,简单、快速的合成了产量较高、相对均一的银纳米线;保持其他条件不变,讨论了不同分子量的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)对银纳米线生长的影响,结果表明大分子量的PVP更有利于银纳米线的生长;同时简单讨论了银纳米线的生长机制。2.将制备的银纳米线沉积在清洗处理过的硅片上,使其产生不同的密度,然后将其用作表面增强荧光衬底。利用制备的夹层构型进行光谱测量,以荧光素钠作为荧光分子,讨论了不同密度的银纳米线作为衬底以及不同激励波长对荧光素钠荧光发射强度的影响。研究表明,荧光素钠分子的荧光增强不仅依赖于银纳米线的加载密度而且强烈的依赖于激励波长。3.在532 nm波长作为拉曼分析激发光下,简单的探讨了不同密度的银纳米线作为衬底对结晶紫和若丹明590分子SERS效应的影响,结果表明,高密度的银纳米线作为衬底有利于获得更强的SERS信号;最后以结晶紫和若丹明-590为探针分子,讨论了高密度银纳米线作为衬底和单根纳米线作为衬底的SERS特性。
[Abstract]:Fluorescence spectroscopy and Raman scattering spectroscopy are widely used in medical diagnosis, bioengineering and material analysis. However, the general fluorescence signal and Raman scattering signal are weak and the stability is poor, which limits the application of these two detection techniques in many scientific fields. With advances in synthesis and nanofabrication, researchers have found that when molecules are placed near metal surfaces with nanostructures, the fluorescence emission signals or Raman scattering signals of the molecules are significantly enhanced. Furthermore, the detection sensitivity is improved. Therefore, the surface-enhanced fluorescence effect and surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect emerge as the times require. In this thesis, the silver nanowires were deposited on the cleaned silicon wafer with different loading densities as the enhancement substrates. The effects of silver nanowires with different densities as substrates and excitation wavelengths on the fluorescence enhancement of sodium fluorescein molecules were systematically studied. The effects of silver nanowires of different densities on the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effects of crystal violet and Rhodamine 590 molecules were studied. The SERS characteristics of high density silver nanowires as substrates and single nanowires as substrates are briefly discussed. The main work of the thesis includes the following three aspects: 1. Silver nanowires with high yield and relative uniformity were synthesized by the method of high temperature thermal reduction of ethylene glycol, and the effects of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with different molecular weight on the growth of silver nanowires were discussed. The results show that PVP with high molecular weight is more favorable to the growth of silver nanowires, and the growth mechanism of silver nanowires is also discussed briefly. The prepared silver nanowires were deposited on the cleaned silicon wafers to produce different densities and then used as surface enhanced fluorescent substrates. The influence of silver nanowires with different densities and excitation wavelengths on the fluorescence emission of sodium fluorescein was discussed. The results show that the fluorescence enhancement of sodium fluorescein not only depends on the loading density of silver nanowires, but also strongly depends on the excitation wavelength. 3. The effects of silver nanowires with different densities as substrates on SERS effect of crystal violet and rhodamine 590 molecule were investigated by using 532 nm wavelength as Raman excited light. The SERS characteristics of high density silver nanowires as substrate and single nanowire as substrate were discussed with crystal violet and rhodamine 590 as probe molecules.
【学位授予单位】:陕西师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2016
【分类号】:TB383.1;O657.37
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