表面活性剂增敏共振瑞利散射法定量分析壳聚糖及阴离子表面活性剂

发布时间：2018-06-29 12:59

本文选题：壳聚糖 + 表面活性剂　；参考：《广东药科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：壳聚糖(CTS)为天然多糖中唯一的碱性多糖,是仅次于纤维素的天然高分子化合物,由于其具有良好的减肥降脂活性,被广泛开发应用于功能性保健食品,其核心成分壳聚糖的准确定量至关重要。2015年版《中国药典》虽然把壳聚糖纳入药用辅料,但是,目前还没有壳聚糖含量测定标准。因此,建立壳聚糖准确定量的分析方法,对其质量标准的建立,以及保障壳聚糖相关医药产品质量稳定和可控,都具有十分重要的意义。阴离子表面活性剂具有良好的乳化、发泡、分散、去污等功能,广泛应用于日常生活、纺织、医药、采矿和建筑等行业。然而,含有十二烷基苯磺酸钠SDBS等阴离子表面活性剂的工业污水和生活废水不经处理大量排入水体环境,造成水生生物死亡,还可引发大面积水华和赤潮现象。因此,对水体中阴离子表面活性剂的含量检测对于保护水体环境具有重要意义。20世纪90年代以来,共振瑞利散射(Resonance Rayleigh scattering,RRS)技术作为一种新兴的分析测试手段,已成功应用于生物大分子(如核酸、蛋白质)、阴离子表面活性剂、染料和药物等的分析检测。国内外学者研究发现,带有正、负电荷的离子可通过静电引力、疏水作用力或电荷转移作用形成二元或多元离子缔合物,从而引起体系中共振瑞利散射强度显著增加,当这种共振瑞利散射强度的增加与待测物质的浓度呈现梯度变化时,就可能实现对该物质的定量分析。该方法操作简便、仪器价廉、灵敏度高、选择性较好,且是一种绿色环保的散射光技术,受到研究者的广泛关注。本文利用共振瑞利散射光的产生机理,以染料大分子为探针,研究表面活性剂的增敏、增稳作用,建立了三种定量分析壳聚糖(Chitosan,CTS)的共振瑞利散射新方法,阴离子染料分别选取了苋菜红、刚果红和赤藓红B,增敏剂分别选用了十二烷基硫酸钠、OP乳化剂和聚乙烯醇。在一定浓度范围内,共振瑞利散射强度随壳聚糖含量的增加而增大,呈现良好的线性关系。研究中优化了实验条件,探讨了方法的灵敏度与选择性,并讨论了表面活性剂对该体系的的增敏、增稳机理。实验同时考察了壳聚糖分子量和脱乙酰度对定量分析的影响,并提出解决分子量和脱乙酰度影响的方法。构建的三个方法用于同种保健产品中壳聚糖含量的测定,结果基本一致。另外,本篇论文利用表面活性剂的增敏作用建立了一种用于阴离子表面活性剂(Anionic surfacant,AS)定量分析的RRS新方法,阳离子染料采用了藏红T,增敏剂采用了聚乙烯醇。在最优实验条件下,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)的浓度在0.15~5.00μg/m L范围内与ΔI呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为8.6ng/mL。实验讨论了该体系的最佳反应条件及共振瑞利散射强度增强的机理,并将该方法应用于环境水样中阴离子表面活性剂的检测,与国家标准方法测得结果无显著性差异。因此,构建的三个壳聚糖定量分析的共振瑞利散射法和一个阴离子表面活性剂定量分析的共振瑞利散射法灵敏度、准确性和稳定性均有所提高,应用于实际样品中壳聚糖和阴离子表面活性剂的检测,结果满意。
[Abstract]:Chitosan (CTS) is the only alkaline polysaccharide in natural polysaccharide. It is a natural macromolecule compound next only to cellulose. Because of its good weight reducing and lipid lowering activity, it has been widely used in functional health food. The accuracy of the core component of chitosan is crucial to the.2015 annual edition of China Pharmacopoeia. However, there is no standard for determining the content of chitosan at present. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish an accurate quantitative analysis method of chitosan for the establishment of its quality standards and to ensure the stability and controllability of chitosan related pharmaceutical products. The anionic surfactants have good emulsification, foaming, dispersion and decontamination. It is widely used in daily life, textile, medicine, mining and construction industries. However, industrial sewage and domestic wastewater containing twelve alkyl benzene sulfonate SDBS and other anionic surfactants are discharged into the water environment without treatment, resulting in the death of aquatic organisms and the occurrence of large areas of water bloom and red tide. The content detection of subsurface active agents is of great significance for the protection of water environment. Since 90s.20, resonance Rayleigh scattering (Resonance Rayleigh scattering, RRS) technology has been successfully applied to biological macromolecules (such as nucleic acid, protein), anionic surfactants, dyes and drugs. Analysis and detection. Domestic and foreign scholars have found that the ions with positive and negative charges can form two or multiple ion associates by electrostatic force, hydrophobic force or charge transfer, resulting in a significant increase in the resonance Rayleigh scattering intensity in the system, when the resonance Rayleigh scattering intensity increases with the concentration of the material to be measured. When the degree changes, it is possible to realize the quantitative analysis of the substance. The method is easy to operate, the instrument is cheap, the sensitivity is high, the selectivity is good, and it is a green and environmentally friendly light scattering technology. It is widely concerned by the researchers. This paper uses the mechanism of Resonance Rayleigh scattering light, and the dye macromolecule as the probe, to study the increase of the surfactant. Three new resonance Rayleigh scattering methods for quantitative analysis of chitosan (Chitosan, CTS) were established. Anionic dyes were selected for amaranth, Congo red and erythra red B respectively. The sensitizer selected twelve alkyl sodium sulfate, OP emulsifier and polyvinyl alcohol respectively. In a certain concentration range, the resonance Rayleigh scattering intensity was associated with Chitosan The experimental conditions were optimized, the sensitivity and selectivity of the method were discussed, and the sensitization and stability mechanism of the surfactant on the system were discussed. The effects of the molecular weight and deacetylation degree of Chitosan on the determination analysis were also investigated, and the molecular weight and deacetylation were solved. Three methods for the determination of chitosan content in the same health products were used to determine the content of chitosan in the same health products. In addition, a new RRS method for the quantitative analysis of anionic surfactant (Anionic surfacant, AS) was established by using the sensitizing effect of surfactants. The cationic dye used the Tibetan red T. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the concentration of twelve alkyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) has a good linear relationship with the delta I in the range of 0.15~5.00 g/m L. The detection limit is 8.6ng/mL., and the optimum reaction conditions and the mechanism of Resonance Rayleigh scattering intensities are discussed, and the method is applied to environmental water samples. There is no significant difference between the determination of the medium anionic surfactants and the results measured by the national standard method. Therefore, the sensitivity, accuracy and stability of the resonant Rayleigh scattering method for quantitative analysis of three chitosan quantitative analyses and a quantitative analysis of an anionic surface active agent are improved and applied to the actual sample shell. The results of the detection of glycans and anionic surfactants are satisfactory.
【学位授予单位】：广东药科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O657.3;R927

【参考文献】