安溪若干乡镇铁观音挥发性成分及其指纹图谱

发布时间：2018-07-14 13:57

【摘要】：铁观音属半发酵茶,主要产于福建安溪,具有独特的风味和保健作用。本文以铁观音为研究对象,采用顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)联合气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)考察了不同涂层的萃取头、萃取时间、萃取温度对萃取效果的影响,再对不同加工工艺、不同季节、不同产地的铁观音挥发性成分进行定性和定量的检测分析。并懫用计算指纹图谱的相似度、峰的重叠率,提取共有峰,聚类分析等数据处理手段对铁观音茶的指纹图谱进行可视化处理。实验结果如下:(1)对安溪铁观音挥发性成分的萃取最适宜的SPME萃取头型号是50/30μm DVB/CAR/PDMS,最佳的萃取时间是60min,最佳的萃取温度是70℃。(2)在正味、消青和拖酸型的安溪铁观音茶中分别鉴定出52、53和68种挥发性成分,总共77种挥发性化合物。三者的共有成分有41种,主要包括橙花叔醇、α-金合欢烯、吲哚、2,2-二甲基丙酸-2-苯基乙酯等,铁观音茶的加工工艺不同,所得成分和含量也不同,但仍保有铁观音挥发性成分特征。(3)在春秋两个季节的铁观音茶中分别鉴定出44、50种挥发性成分,总共63种挥发性化合物,共有成分有31种。不同季节的铁观音挥发性成分有明显的季节特征,且其共有成分能作为铁观音季节判别的重要指标之一。(4)对不同产地铁观音的指纹图谱进行相似度、峰重叠率的计算,共有峰的提取和聚类分析,结果表明,铁观音茶样的来源比较接近,其相似度较高,聚类结果与产地形成对应关系,提取出的15个共有峰为铁观音挥发性物质的基本组成成分,可作为鉴别铁观音来源的必要条件之一。
[Abstract]:Tieguanyin is a semi-fermented tea, mainly produced in Anxi, Fujian Province, with unique flavor and health care. In this paper, Headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to investigate the effects of different coatings on the extraction efficiency. The volatile components of Tieguanyin in different seasons and different producing areas were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The fingerprint of Tieguanyin tea was visualized by calculating the similarity of fingerprint spectrum, overlapping rate of peaks, extracting common peaks and clustering analysis. The experimental results are as follows: (1) the most suitable extraction head for volatile components of Anxi Tieguanyin Tea is 50 / 30 渭 m DVB / car / PDMS, the best extraction time is 60 min, and the optimum extraction temperature is 70 鈩，

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