含磷萃取剂的合成及其在锆铪萃取分离中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-07-20 14:58

【摘要】：锆铪是重要的战略资源,广泛应用于国民经济、国防建设诸多领域,其深度有效分离一直是研究难点。高效、高选择性金属离子萃取剂的合成设计及其在金属离子方面的萃取分离应用和相关工艺研究一直是湿法冶金的研究重点。本论文设计合成了几种中性磷(膦)酸类萃取剂,并研究了其在分离锆铪方面的性能及机理,主要的研究内容如下:研究考察了含氮膦酸酯萃取剂(Cextrant230),设计合成了几种新型衍生萃取剂:磷酰胺类萃取剂(BEAP, L1, L2, L3, L4)。分别研究了几种萃取剂的萃取分离锆铪的性能:1、系统研究了含氮膦酸酯萃取剂(Cextrant 230)在不同实验条件下中对锆铪的萃取分离性能。考察了不同酸性,溶液酸度,萃取剂浓度,萃取温度对锆铪的影响。研究了萃取剂的饱和负载量及反萃效果,简单讨论了萃取反应机理。2、系统研究了 BEAP磷酰胺类萃取剂在不同实验条件下中对锆铪的萃取分离性能。考察了不同酸性,溶液酸度,萃取剂浓度,萃取温度因素对锆铪的影响,研究了萃取剂的饱和负载量及反萃效果。采用在硫酸介质中萃取剂串级萃取分离锆铪手段,理论目标使产物中铪含量低于0.01%。3、研究了新型萃取剂(L1, L2, L3, L4)在不同酸性介质中对锆铪的萃取分离性能,讨论了萃取分离机理。4、研究比较了该系列萃取剂对锆铪的分离效果,选出最佳分离萃取剂。
[Abstract]:Zirconium and hafnium is an important strategic resource, which is widely used in many fields of national economy and national defense construction. The synthesis and design of high efficiency and high selectivity metal ion extractant and its application in the extraction separation of metal ions and the study of related processes have been the focus of hydrometallurgy research. In this paper, several neutral phosphorus (phosphonic) acid extractants were designed and synthesized, and their properties and mechanisms in the separation of zirconium and hafnium were studied. The main research contents are as follows: the extraction agent Cextrant 230 containing nitrogen was investigated and several new derivatives were designed and synthesized: phosphorus amide extractant (BEAP, L 1, L 2, L 3, L 4). The extraction and separation properties of zirconium and hafnium with several extractants were studied. The extraction and separation of zirconium and hafnium by Cextrant 230 were systematically studied under different experimental conditions. The effects of acidity, extractant concentration and extraction temperature on zirconium and hafnium were investigated. The saturated loading amount and stripping effect of the extractant were studied. The extraction reaction mechanism was briefly discussed. The extraction and separation properties of BEAP phosphoramide extractant for zirconium and hafnium were systematically studied under different experimental conditions. The effects of different acidity, acidity of solution, concentration of extractant and temperature on zirconium and hafnium extraction were investigated. The separation of zirconium and hafnium from zirconium and hafnium was studied by cascade extraction of zirconium and hafnium in sulfuric acid medium, and the theoretical objective was to make the content of hafnium in the product lower than 0.01. The extraction and separation properties of new extractant (L1, L2, L3, L4) for zirconium and hafnium in different acidic media were studied. The mechanism of extraction and separation of zirconium and hafnium were discussed. The separation effect of this series of extractants on zirconium and hafnium was compared and the best separation extractant was selected.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O658.2;TF111.3

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