基于纳米颗粒周期排列的一维光子晶体的制备研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 05:18

【摘要】：近些年来,光子晶体成为了材料学、光子学、应用物理学等诸多学科的一个重要的研究领域。光子晶体是一种材料的折射率按周期排列而成的人工材料,能够产生光子禁带。如果光的频率落在光子带隙内,无论其偏振及传播方向,这个频率的光都禁止在光子晶体内传播。经过多年理论和应用的研究,光子晶体在多个领域中呈现出广阔的应用前景。光子晶体的制备是其开展应用的基础,目前光子晶体的常用制备方法包括自组装、光刻和光学全息等。本论文中,我们使用双光束干涉法制备了基于半导体纳米颗粒周期排列的一维光子晶体,该制备方法具有工艺简单、可重复性好、与当前光集成工艺兼容性好等特点,利用该制备方法将可能实现大面积光子晶体的制备。本论文的主要内容包括:1.量子点的制备和内含大量量子点薄膜的制备。实验中,利用胶体合成工艺分别制备了硒化镉量子点(CdSe QDs)和硒化镉/硫化镉核-壳结构量子点(CdSe/CdSQDs),并对制备好的量子点从透射电镜和发光特性进行表征。将制备好的CdSe/CdSQDs掺入少量的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)聚合物,充分混合后,使得CdSe/CdS QDs在其中均匀分布,如果对这种含有量子点的聚合物进行固化,可以得到固态薄膜。2.利用双光束干涉法,制备基于纳米颗粒周期排列的一维光子晶体。实验中,通过搭建简单的、容易实现的双光束干涉光路,形成明暗相间的干涉周期光场。将周期光场照射在含有CdSe/CdS QDs的PVP样品上,在样品上形成一个周期性的势阱,用来捕获CdSe/CdS纳米颗粒。经过长时间的辐照,内含CdSe/CdS纳米颗粒的PVP混合溶液会被固化,形成内含有大量CdSe/CdS纳米颗粒周期性排列的固态薄膜。通过对制备好的样品从衍射特性和微区元素分析进行表征,发现该固态薄膜就是一个一维光子晶体薄膜。
[Abstract]:In recent years, photonic crystals have become an important research field in materials, photonics, applied physics and many other disciplines. Photonic crystal is a kind of artificial material whose refractive index is arranged periodically, which can produce photonic band gap. If the frequency of the light falls in the photonic band gap, it is forbidden to propagate in the photonic crystal regardless of its polarization and propagation direction. After many years of theoretical and practical research, photonic crystals in many fields show a broad application prospects. The preparation of photonic crystals is the basis of their application. At present, the commonly used preparation methods of photonic crystals include self-assembly, photolithography and optical holography. In this thesis, we prepared one-dimensional photonic crystals based on periodic arrangement of semiconductor nanoparticles by double-beam interferometry. This method has the advantages of simple process, good reproducibility and good compatibility with the current optical integration process. It is possible to fabricate large area photonic crystals by using this method. The main contents of this thesis include: 1. The preparation of quantum dots and the preparation of thin films containing a large number of quantum dots. In the experiment, cadmium selenide quantum dots (CdSe QDs) and cadmium selenide / cadmium sulfide core-shell structure quantum dots (CdSe/CdSQDs) were prepared by colloidal synthesis process. The prepared quantum dots were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and luminescence. The prepared CdSe/CdSQDs was mixed with a small amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer, and then the CdSe/CdS QDs was uniformly distributed in the polymer. If the polymer containing quantum dots was cured, the solid film could be obtained. One-dimensional photonic crystals based on periodic arrangement of nanocrystalline particles were prepared by double beam interferometry. In the experiment, the interference periodic light field between light and dark phase is formed by setting up a simple and easy to realize double beam interference path. The periodic light field was irradiated on the PVP sample containing CdSe/CdS QDs, and a periodic potential well was formed on the sample, which was used to capture the CdSe/CdS nanoparticles. After irradiation for a long time, the PVP mixed solution containing CdSe/CdS nanoparticles will be solidified to form a solid film with a large number of CdSe/CdS nanoparticles arranged periodically. It is found that the solid film is a one-dimensional photonic crystal thin film by analyzing the diffraction characteristics and microelements of the prepared samples.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O734

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