基于NVP的凝胶聚电解质的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2019-02-28 08:20

【摘要】：凝胶聚合物电解质(GPE)具有无液体泄漏、柔性、结构简单、环保等优点,在储能器件中具有较好的应用价值和前景。聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)(PVP)是一类较好的水溶性聚电解质基体材料,且单体易于改性、合成简便。共聚和共混是提高GPE离子电导率和机械强度的有效的方法。以N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和对苯乙烯磺酸钠为共聚单体,采用自由基溶液聚合的方法制备聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮-co-对苯乙烯磺酸钠)即P(NVP-co-SSS)基GPE。通过探究引发剂用量、交联剂用量、温度、单体配比等因素对膜的吸液率和离子电导率的影响,得到在引发剂用量为1.5 wt.%,交联剂用量为1.0 wt.%,温度为70 ℃,单体配比为2:1时,膜的综合性能最佳,其膜吸水率为18.57 g·g-1,离子电导率为3.58×10-3S/cm。相比PVP体系,共聚膜的离子电导率提高了两个数量级,FTIR和XRD测试显示共聚膜的结晶度降低,TGA分析表明共聚提高了热稳定性,其最大热分解温度为444.1℃;机械强度略有提高,为4.2 MPa;以活性炭为电极的GPE的超级电容器其电化学性能测试显示,P(NVP-co-SSS)基GPE具有较好的电化学性能,其比电容为17.86F/g,充放电循环1000次后,比电容为原来的75%。以P(NVP-co-SSS)共聚物与聚乙烯醇(PVA)共混制备P(NVP-co-SSS)/PVA基GPE。探究PVA含量对GPE性能的影响。相比P(NVP-co-SSS)基GPE,共混膜的离子电导率增大,达10-2 S/cm数量级;TGA分析表明P(NVP-co-SSS)/PVA基GPE热稳定性较好,最大热分解温度基本不变;机械强度具有较大的提高,PVA含量为20%时,拉伸强度达10.27 MPa,为P(NVP-co-SSS)基GPE膜的2.5倍,PVA含量为50%时,拉伸强度为20.33 MPa,断裂伸长率达637%;以活性炭为电极的聚电解质膜的超级电容器电化学性能测试显示,P(NVP-co-SSS)/PVA基GPE电化学性能有所提高,PVA含量为20 wt.%、30 wt.%的超级电容器首次充放电的比容量为19.42 F/g、23.55 F/g,充放电循环500次后比容量为原来的90%,在1000次循环后,比容量仍为原来的85%左右。
[Abstract]:Gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) has many advantages, such as no liquid leakage, flexibility, simple structure, environmental protection and so on. It has good application value and prospect in energy storage devices. Poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is a kind of better water-soluble polyelectrolyte matrix material, and the monomer is easy to modify and easy to synthesize. Copolymerization and blending are effective methods to improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical strength of GPE. Poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone-co- sodium p-styrene sulfonate) was prepared by free radical solution polymerization using N-vinylpyrrolidone and sodium p-styrene sulfonate as comonomers. The effects of the amount of initiator, crosslinking agent, temperature and monomer ratio on the absorption rate and ionic conductivity of the membrane were investigated. The results showed that when the dosage of initiator was 1.5 wt.%, and the amount of crosslinking agent was 1.0 wt.%, the temperature was 70 鈩，

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