基于动态偏差的智能化HAZOP量化分析

发布时间：2018-01-30 14:54

本文关键词： HAZOP 定量分析动态偏差模型　出处：《高校化学工程学报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：提出了HAZOP量化分析的"动态偏差"概念,明确了该动态偏差是具有一定持续时间的某一组偏离了正常操作值的工艺参数,通过分析动态偏差引起系统危险的必要条件及对持续时间限值的影响,获得了有效持续时间定义并提出了"动态偏差的阶梯化求解"方法。基于该方法建立了HAZOP量化分析的动态偏差"层级"模型,该模型根据持续时间限值不同划分为正常值D~n、安全阈值D~s、纠错偏差D~c、引发偏差D~t和不可逆偏差iD等5个层级,利用MATLAB编制了模型的智能化求解包。将该模型应用于某工业反应实例,所获得的HAZOP分析结果与文献值相比更加精确,表明该模型能更清晰地了解和掌握处于不同层级的偏差对系统的影响特点,其中引发偏差可作为系统预警值,纠错偏差可实施在线纠正,根据这些特点制定对应的安全措施,可降低危险发生及可能因危险造成的停车几率,从而可以保证安全连续稳定的工业生产。
[Abstract]:The concept of "dynamic deviation" for quantitative analysis of HAZOP is proposed. It is clear that the dynamic deviation is a set of process parameters that deviate from the normal operating value for a certain duration. By analyzing the necessary condition of system danger caused by dynamic deviation and its influence on the limit of duration. The definition of effective duration is obtained and the "step by step solution of dynamic deviation" method is proposed. Based on this method, the "hierarchy" model of dynamic deviation for HAZOP quantitative analysis is established. According to the duration limit, the model can be divided into five levels: normal value, safety threshold, error correction deviation, induced deviation Dt and irreversible deviation ID. The intelligent solution package of the model is compiled by using MATLAB. The model is applied to an industrial reaction example, and the result of HAZOP analysis is more accurate than that of the literature. The results show that the model can more clearly understand and grasp the influence characteristics of the deviation at different levels on the system, among which the induced deviation can be used as the warning value of the system, and the error correction error can be corrected online. According to these characteristics, the corresponding safety measures can be made to reduce the occurrence of danger and the probability of stopping due to the danger, thus ensuring the safety and continuous and stable industrial production.
【作者单位】：青岛科技大学计算机与化工研究所;山东科技大学经济管理系;
【基金】：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2011BL010) 山东省高校科技计划资助项目(J11LB65)
【分类号】：TQ021.8
【正文快照】： 1前言危险和可操作性分析(Hazard and Operability,简称HAZOP),由英国帝国化学工业公司(ICI)首先提出,主要用于分析、查找、预测化工过程中的设计缺陷、操作规程缺陷及其它可能存在的隐患。传统HAZOP分析是一种费时、费力的完全依靠知识和经验的脑力活动[1]。1980年计算机辅助

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