利用赣南稀土尾矿制备抛光砖研究

发布时间：2018-02-17 07:29

本文关键词： 赣南稀土尾砂抛光砖配方性能中试实验　出处：《景德镇陶瓷学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是世界稀土资源大国,现已探明资源储量在5200万吨以上,是世界上唯一可以供应轻重稀土产品的国家,主导着国际稀土市场的走向与发展,然而由于我国稀土采矿技术严重滞后,稀土资源管理混乱,矿区开发不合理等因素,造成稀土资源利用率低下,在赣南寻乌矿区,大量采用池浸方式分选稀土元素,大量残留化学试剂渗入地下水中,威胁到当地居民的生命安全,破坏了自然生态环境。随着国家建设可持续发展的经济模式与改革深化的需要,稀土尾砂治理的工作迫在眉睫。本文首先通过XRD、SEM、TG-DTA等技术分析了赣南稀土尾砂的基本性质,探讨稀土尾砂运用于陶瓷材料的可行性,结果表明,稀土尾砂是以Si02和A1203等氧化物为主的瘠性料,存在尾矿铝含量偏低,铁钛含量高等特点,经过合理的配方优化,利用尾砂制备建陶抛光砖是完全可行的。然后在前期探索试验的基础上,利用正交实验研究了抛光砖的基础配方与最优工艺参数,根据配方的缺陷使用硅灰石,铝矾土等矿物对基础配方进行优化。最终获得了适应于建陶生产的抛光砖配方。研究表明,最优原料配方为洽水稀土尾砂50%wt、广东黑泥20%wt、番禺泥5%wt、黄江砂5%wt、低温砂15%wt、硅灰石3%、铝矾土6%。最优生产工艺为球磨时间为20min.,成型压力为15MPa,保温时间为20min。在优化条件下制备的试样抗折强度为62MPa,吸水率为0.21%,烧成收缩为11.15%。在中试试验过程中,根据工厂实际生产情况,以最优配方体系为基础,相应地做出工艺与配方调整,使用55%wt的稀土尾砂成功地制备了吸水率为0.02%,气孔率为0.21%,体积密度为2.3g/cm,抗折强度在47-52MPa之间的抛光砖,其各项指标均超过GB/T4100-2006干压砖的性能标准。本论文创新性地解决赣南稀土尾砂在建陶抛光砖生产技术上的瓶颈,不仅实现了尾矿资源化利用的目标,还解决了稀土尾砂综合治理的难题,具有环保与资源利用的双重效益。该技术为以后大规模利用尾砂生产抛光砖奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:China is a large country of rare earth resources in the world and has proven reserves of more than 52 million tons. It is the only country in the world that can supply light and heavy rare earth products, leading the trend and development of the international rare earth market. However, due to the serious lag of rare earth mining technology in our country, the confusion of rare earth resource management and the unreasonable development of mining area, the utilization ratio of rare earth resources is low. In Xunwu mining area in south Jiangxi, pool leaching is widely used to separate rare earth elements. A large number of residual chemical reagents seeped into groundwater, threatening the lives of local residents and destroying the natural ecological environment. With the construction of a sustainable economic model of the country and the need of deepening reform, It is urgent to treat rare earth tailings. In this paper, the basic properties of rare earth tailings in south Jiangxi are analyzed by means of XRDX SEMG-DTA technique, and the feasibility of applying rare earth tailings to ceramic materials is discussed. Rare earth tailings are barren materials with oxides such as Si02 and A1203. The tailings are characterized by low aluminum content and high iron and titanium content. It is completely feasible to use tailings to prepare the polished brick of building pottery. Then, on the basis of the previous exploration experiment, the basic formula and optimum technological parameters of the polished tile are studied by orthogonal experiment, and wollastonite is used according to the defects of the formula. The basic formula was optimized by bauxite and other minerals. Finally, the polished tile formula suitable for the production of building pottery was obtained. The optimum raw material formula is 50 wts of water consistent rare earth tailings, 20 wts of Guangdong black mud, 5wt of Panyu mud, 5wt of Huangjiang sand, 15wt of low temperature sand, 15wt of low temperature sand, 3wt of wollastonite and 6wt of bauxite. The optimum production process is 20min. The bending strength of the prepared specimen is 62 MPA, the water absorption is 0.21, and the sintering shrinkage is 11.15. During the pilot test, According to the actual production situation of the factory, based on the optimal formula system, the process and formula adjustment are made accordingly. The polished tiles with water absorption of 0.02, porosity of 0.21, volume density of 2.3 g / cm and flexural strength of 47-52 MPA were successfully prepared using 55 wt rare earth tailings. All the indexes exceed the performance standard of GB/T4100-2006 dry-pressed brick. This paper innovatively solves the bottleneck in the production technology of Gannan rare earth tailings, which not only realizes the goal of utilizing tailings as a resource. It also solves the problem of comprehensive control of rare earth tailings and has the dual benefit of environmental protection and resource utilization. The technology lays a foundation for the production of polishing tiles by using tailings on a large scale in the future.
【学位授予单位】：景德镇陶瓷学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD926.4;TQ174.7

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