青霉素废菌丝体改性制备石膏缓凝剂及应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 21:20

  本文关键词： 青霉素废菌丝体 脱硫石膏 石膏缓凝剂 凝结时间　出处：《河北科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：青霉素废菌丝体是制药工业青霉素生产过程中产生的危险固体废弃物。大量的废菌丝体排放给环境造成了很大的危害。论文利用青霉素废菌丝体改性制备出一种新型脱硫石膏缓凝剂,并将产生的副产物用于制备活性炭,通过技术集成形成废菌丝体整体资源化利用工艺,从而实现废菌丝体的资源化利用,解决焚烧处理工艺带来的环境污染和用作动物饲料而引起的抗生素滥用问题。研究表明,青霉素废菌丝体中含有大量菌丝体蛋白,通过改性能够有效延长石膏的凝结时间。论文利用物理和化学的方法从青霉素废菌丝体中提取蛋白质类物质,用作脱硫石膏缓凝剂(WPM缓凝剂)。通过系统试验确定了最佳的改性条件,即浸泡温度80℃、时间90 min、pH值为11。青霉素废菌丝体产生的滤饼制备出活性炭,产品碘值为574 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附量为14.27 mg/g,比表面积为167 m2/g,可以满足一般工业应用。将WPM缓凝剂与常用建筑石膏缓凝剂柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠、多聚磷酸钠等进行了对比研究,结果表明:WPM缓凝剂对脱硫石膏缓凝效果较好,石膏体强度损失较小。从添加不同缓凝剂的石膏试块SEM图片可以看出,WPM缓凝剂对石膏体微观晶体形态影响较小。可以推断出WPM的缓凝机理:青霉素废菌丝体中的肽键、氨基和羧基等官能团溶于水后形成胶体,与Ca2+离子结合后吸附在石膏水化粒子表面,阻止了晶核形成和晶体的迅速长大,宏观表现为凝结时间延长。应用WPM缓凝剂制备系列粉刷石膏,得到面层粉刷石膏配方:石膏94%、水泥2%、超细矿渣粉4%、保水剂0.5%以及WPM缓凝剂0.1%~0.15%;底层粉刷石膏配方:河砂60%、石膏37.6%、水泥0.8%、超细矿渣粉1.8%、保水剂0.2%以及WPM缓凝剂0.06%;保温层粉刷石膏配方:膨胀珍珠岩28.6%、石膏67.2%、水泥1.4%、超细矿渣粉2.8%、保水剂0.71%和WPM缓凝剂0.11%。产品性能均满足JC/T517-2004标准要求。以年产1000吨石膏缓凝剂为例进行效益分析。结果表明,生产WPM缓凝剂不仅可以实现固体废弃物资源化利用,还可以降低生产成本。该工艺技术的应用具有良好的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益,有广阔的推广应用前景。
[Abstract]:The waste mycelium of penicillin is a dangerous solid waste produced in the production of penicillin in pharmaceutical industry. A large amount of waste mycelium discharge has caused great harm to the environment. A kind of waste mycelium modified by penicillin waste mycelium is prepared in this paper. A new type of gypsum retarder for desulfurization, The by-products are used to produce activated carbon, and the whole utilization process of waste mycelium is formed by technology integration, so as to realize the utilization of waste mycelium. To solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by incineration and antibiotic abuse caused by the use of animal feed, studies have shown that the waste mycelium of penicillin contains a large amount of mycelia protein, The gelation time of gypsum can be effectively prolonged by modification. In this paper, proteins were extracted from waste mycelia of penicillin by physical and chemical methods. The optimum modification conditions were determined by systematic test, that is, the soaking temperature was 80 鈩，

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