低温液化气体槽车罐体的强度设计与传热分析

发布时间：2018-03-02 13:15

本文选题：低温液体槽车罐体　切入点：数值模拟　出处：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：低温液化气体的广泛应用,使得与低温液化气体相关的储运设备得到了长足的发展。随着低温液体需求量的不断增加,低温液体运输车正向着大型化和低能耗的方向发展。本论文对大型液化气体罐车的罐体进行强度、刚度以及传热研究。主要内容和结论如下：(1)使用ANSYS APDL Product模块对大型液化气体罐车罐体进行了数值模拟,考虑了国家标准规定的四种运输工况作用。为了更好的模拟实际支撑情况,在分析的过程中,采用“标准”接触方式来模拟玻璃钢棒与内外罐体的连接。数值模拟结果表明,罐体符合强度、刚度要求。(2)低温液化气体运输罐的外罐体是典型的外压容器,为了提高外罐体的抗失稳能力,通常设置多个加强圈。实际生产中,为了满足罐车整体的宽度限制并且不使内罐体容积减少,通常对外罐体加强圈进行削边处理。削边后的结构,不满足GB150常规计算的要求。本论文提出了通过削边率计算刚度削弱系数,进而计算外罐体临界失稳压力的方法,简化工程设计中削边加强圈罐体的失稳计算过程。(3)对低温液化气体运输车罐体进行了热分析,所建模型忽略了受隔热材料影响的热辐射,分析了罐体在热传导和热对流共同作用下的热影响区,特别是热影响区范围和温度梯度大小,这对实际工程中的保冷设计具有参考价值。(4)介绍了小型低温液化气体槽车用罐的基本结构,并对其在各个工况下的强度进行了计算。当需要增加容积时,强度和保冷对结构的要求是矛盾的,为同时满足两方面的要求,本论文提出了一种新型结构,并对新型结构的强度进行了分析。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of cryogenic liquefied gases, the storage and transportation equipment related to cryogenic liquefied gases has been greatly developed. The cryogenic liquid transport vehicle is developing towards the direction of large scale and low energy consumption. Research on stiffness and Heat transfer. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1) numerical simulation of large liquefied gas tank is carried out using ANSYS APDL Product module. In order to better simulate the actual supporting situation, the "standard" contact method is used to simulate the connection between the FRP rod and the inside and outside tank in the process of analysis. The numerical simulation results show that the FRP rod is connected with the inner and outer tank. The outer tank of the cryogenic liquefied gas transport tank is a typical external pressure vessel. In order to improve the instability resistance of the outer tank, several strengthening rings are usually arranged. In order to meet the overall width limit of the tank and not to reduce the volume of the inner tank, the external tank reinforcement ring is usually trimmed. This paper puts forward a method to calculate the stiffness weakening coefficient by cutting ratio, and then calculate the critical unstable pressure of the outer tank. In order to simplify the calculation process of buckling and buckling of the stiffened ring tank in engineering design, the thermal analysis of the tank body of cryogenic liquefied gas transport vehicle is carried out, and the thermal radiation affected by heat insulation material is ignored in the model. The range and temperature gradient of the heat affected zone, especially the heat affected zone, under the combined action of heat conduction and heat convection are analyzed. This paper introduces the basic structure of the tank for small cryogenic liquefied gas tank, and calculates its strength under various working conditions. The requirements of strength and cold preservation are contradictory. In order to meet the requirements of both sides, a new type of structure is proposed and the strength of the new structure is analyzed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ116;TQ077

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