不同添加剂调控下碳酸钙的实验合成及地质意义

发布时间：2018-03-04 18:13

本文选题：添加剂　切入点：合成碳酸钙晶体　出处：《西北大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：论文主要针对不同的有机、无机添加剂对碳酸盐晶体的晶型、尺寸以及形貌等性质产生的影响进行研究。将碳酸钙作为研究对象,利用仿生合成技术,制备出具有多种特殊形貌的碳酸钙晶体,并对其结构和形貌进行表征。以琼脂糖凝胶、糖类有机物、醇/水溶液、氨基酸有机物、蛋白质/水溶液以及无机Mg2+作为添加剂,采用液相法制备出不同晶型和形貌的碳酸钙粒子,通过控制反应的条件和添加剂的浓度,可以制备出球状、哑铃状、针棒状等多种形貌的碳酸钙粒子。将不同地质环境中特殊形貌的碳酸盐矿物与实验室合成的碳酸钙进行对比发现：自然界地质环境中发现的特殊形貌的碳酸盐矿物与实验室不同添加剂条件下合成的碳酸钙晶体在显微形貌和显微结构方面极为相似,但是两者在物质组成、颗粒尺寸以及生成环境等方面不同。通过实例与实验结果对比,认为微生物对于碳酸盐矿物形貌的影响可能为其本身所含的某些有机质对碳酸钙结晶形貌产生了影响,乌鲁木齐地区中二叠统芦草沟组具有微球状特殊形貌的白云石很可能与富含-OH、-COOH等有机分子的凝胶状物质有密切的关系；青海七个泉组鲕粒灰岩中方解石、石膏表面的米粒状突起可能属于晶体本身一部分,是晶体在结晶过程出现的晶面不光滑现象。本论文通过将实验室使用添加剂诱导合成具有特殊形貌碳酸钙与现代沉积物和古代碳酸盐岩中发现的特殊形态(微球状、微棒状)方解石和白云石进行显微形态和结构上的对比,初步探索自然界此类碳酸盐矿物可能的成因机理,研究结果对于探索地质历史时期碳酸盐矿物的形成机理也具有一定的意义。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of different organic and inorganic additives on the crystal shape, size and morphology of carbonate crystals were studied. Calcium carbonate crystals with various special morphologies were prepared, and their structures and morphology were characterized. Agarose gels, carbohydrates, alcohols / aqueous solutions, amino acid organics, protein / aqueous solutions and inorganic Mg2 were used as additives. Calcium carbonate particles with different crystal forms and morphologies were prepared by liquid phase method. By controlling the reaction conditions and the concentration of additives, spherical and dumbbell particles could be prepared. Calcium carbonate particles with various morphologies, such as needle rods. Comparison of carbonate minerals with special morphologies in different geological environments with calcium carbonate synthesized in laboratory: carbonate minerals with special morphology found in natural geological environments. The microstructure and microstructure of calcium carbonate crystals synthesized under different additives in laboratory are very similar. But they are different in material composition, particle size and formation environment. It is considered that the effect of microbes on the morphology of carbonate minerals may be due to the effect of some organic matter contained therein on the morphology of calcium carbonate crystals. The dolomite of the Lucaogou formation of the Middle Permian in Urumqi area is probably closely related to the gel-like material rich in organic molecules such as -OHH-COOH, and calcite in the oolitic limestone of the Qiquan formation in Qinghai Province. The granulated protrusions on the gypsum surface may be part of the crystal itself. In this paper, we used additives to induce the synthesis of calcium carbonate with special morphology and the special morphology (microsphere) found in modern sediments and ancient carbonate rocks. Comparison of microscopic morphology and structure between calcite and dolomite, and preliminary exploration of the possible genetic mechanism of these carbonate minerals in nature. The results are also of significance for exploring the formation mechanism of carbonate minerals in geological history.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ132.32

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